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1、(一).TheTouch-ScreenGenerationA.Onachillydaylastspring,afewdozendevelopersofchildren'sapps(应用程序)forphonesandtablets(平板电脑)gatheredatanoldbeachresortinMonterey,California,toshowofftheirgames.ThegatheringwasorganizedbyWarren.Buckleitner,alongtimereviewerofinteractivechildre
2、n'smedia.Buckleitnerspentthebreakstestingwhetherhisownremote-controlhelicoptercouldreachthehall's.secondstory,whilevariouschildrenwhohadcomewiththeirparentslookedupinawe(敬畏)anddelight.Butmostlytheylookeddown,attheiPadsandothertabletsdisplayedaroundthehalllikesomanyopenb
3、oxesofcandy.Iwalkedaroundandtalkedwithdevelopers,andseveralquotedafamoussayingofMariaMontessori's,"Thehandsaretheinstrumentsofman'sintelligence."B.What,really,wouldMariaMontessorihavemadeofthisscene?The30orsochildrenherewerenotdownattheshorepoking(戳)theirfingersinthesan
4、dorrunningthemalongstonesorpickingseashells.Insteadtheywereallinside,aloneoringroupsoftwoorthree,theirfacesafewinchesfromascreen,theirhandsdoingthingsMontessorisurelydidnotimagine.C.In2011,theAmericanAcademyofPediatricsupdated.itspolicyonveryyoungchildrenandmedia-In1999
5、,thegrouphaddiscouragedtelevisionviewingforchildrenyoungerthan2,citingresearchonbraindevelopmentthatshowedthisagegroup'scriticalneedfor"directinteractionswithparentsandothersignificantcaregivers."Theupdatedreportbeganbyacknowledgingthatthingshadchangedsignificantlysince
6、then.In2006,90%ofparentssaidthattheirchildrenyoungerthan2consumedsomeformofelectronicmedia.Nevertheless,thegrouptooklargelythesameapproachitdidin1999,uniformlydiscouragingpassivemediause,onanytypeofscreen,forthesekids.(Forolderchildren,theacademynoted,"high-qualityprogr
7、ams"couldhave"'educationalbenefits.")The2011reportnentioned"smartcellphone"and"newscreen"technologies,butdidnotaddressinteractive-apps.Nordiditbringupthepossibilitythathaslikelyoccurredtothose90%ofAmericanparentsthatsomegoodmightcomefromthoselittleswiping(在电子产品上刷)finger
8、s.D.Ihadcometothedevelopers'conferencepartlybecauseIhopedthatthisparticularsetofparents,enthusiasticastheywere
