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1、定语从句（一）定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词叫先行词。从句一般用关系代词或关系副词引导，在先行词之后。关系词在定语从句中充当一个成分。一般来说，关系代词who（做主语或宾语）和whom（只能做宾语）指人，which（做主语或宾语）指物，whose指某人的，that（做主语或宾语，做主语指代人时一般用who）可指人和物。关系代词充当主语时不能省略，充当宾语时可以省略。where,when,why是关系副词。where指地方，when指时间，why指原因。e.g.1.Themanwhocametoseemethismorningismycousin.2.Heisastude
2、nt(who,whom,that)weshouldlearnfrom.3.Thepresent(which,that)hesentmelastnightisanicewatch.4.Fetchmethedictionarywhich(that)islyingonthedesk.5.IsthereanyonewhosenameisLinda?6.Thisistheplacewherewespentourchildhood.7.He'llalwaysrememberthedaywhenhisgrandmotherpassedaway.8.Thisisthereasonwhytheywerel
3、ateforthemeeting.（二）定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句用来限制所修饰的对象的意义。这类从句是不能拿掉的。如果拿掉了，那么剩下部分的意思会不清楚。非限制性定语从句只是对所修饰的词作进一步的说明，仅起补充作用，拿掉它，其它部分仍能成立。通常用逗号与它所修饰的对象分开。e.g.1.Doyouknowtheteacherwhospokeattheparentsmeetingjustnow?2.ThebookwaswrittenbyLuXun,whowasagreatwriter.3.Theyhaveinvitedsomeforeignfriends
4、totheShanghaiHighSchool,whichisfamousbothathomeandabroad.4.HaveyoueverbeentoSydney,whichisthemostexcitingcityinAustralia?(三)注意要点：1．一下情况不能用关系代词which(who)，只能用关系代词that。1)当先行词被最高级或序数词修饰时。ThisisthebestbookthatI'veeverread.ThisisthefirstthingthatIwanttodo.2）当先行词是anything,everything,nothing时。（something用
5、which,that都可以。）Hewilldoeverythingthathecantohelpthatfatherlesschild.3)当先行词被all,only,very,any,just,no,much等词修饰时。I'mnotinterestedinallthathetoldme.ThisistheverybookthatI'vebeenlookingfor.4)当先行词既指人又指物时。Wetalkedaboutthethingsandpersonsthatweremembered.5）当句子中已有who指人时，关系代词用that。Whothathascommonsensewil
6、ldosuchathing?56）当关系代词在句子中作表语时。 Heisnotthemanthatheusedtobe.2.以下情况不能用关系代词that。1)在非限制性定语从句中，who,whom指人，which指物，不能用关系代词that。Theboymadethesamemistakeagainandagain,whichmadehisteacherratherangry.2)在介词后面不能用关系代词that，指物时用which，指人时用whom(不用who)。Thehouseinwhichhelivesisnotfarfromhere.Themantowhommymotheris
7、talkingismyteacher.3.当先行词是place（或其它表示地点的词）,time（或其它表示时间的词）,reason时。1)Thisisthehousewhere(inwhich)welivedlastyear.Thisisthemuseumwhichwevisitedlastyear.2)October1isthedaywhen(onwhich)thePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfounded
