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1、DNAANDCELLBIOLOGYVolume27,Number5,2008ªMaryAnnLiebert,Inc.Pp.223–228DOI:10.1089=dna.2007.0691ReviewTheFunctionsofDeoxyribonucleaseIIinImmunityandDevelopment11111Ma-fengLiu,Xiu-pingWu,Xue-linWang,Yan-lingYu,Wei-fangWang,1,21,31Qi-junChen,PascalBoireau,andMing-yuanLiuApoptosis,whichi
2、susuallyaccompaniedbyDNAdegradation,isimportantnotonlyforthehomeostasisofmetazoansbutalsoformammaliandevelopment.IfDNAisnotproperlydegradedintheseprocesses,itcancausediversediseases,suchasanemia,cataracts,andsomeautoimmunediseases.Alargeefforthasbeenmadetoidentifythesenucleasesthat
3、areresponsiblefortheseeffects.IncontrasttoDeoxyribonucleaseI(DNaseI),DeoxyribonucleaseII(DNaseII)hasbeenlesswellcharacterizedintheseprocesses.Additionally,enzymesofDNaseIIfamilyinTrichinellaspiralis,whichisanintracellularparasiticnematode,arealsoconsideredinvolvedinthedevelopmentof
4、thenematode.WehavecompiledinformationfromstudiesonDNaseIIfromvariousorganismsandfoundsomenonclassicfeaturesintheseenzymesofT.spiralis.HerewehavereviewedthecharacterizationandfunctionsofDNaseIIintheseprocessesandpredictedthefunctionsoftheseenzymesinT.spiralisduringhostinvasionanddev
5、elopment.IntroductionDNaseIIaorDNaseIIb.DNaseIIaandL-DNaseIIwereubiquitouslyexpressedinallthetissuesexamined.However,DNaseIIareclassifiedintoauniquefamilyofnucle-DNaseIIbhadamorerestrictedpatternofexpressionthatasesandhavebeenimplicatedinmanyprocessesinthevariesbyorganism,andDNaseII
6、bactivitywasobservedovercell.Differentfrommostnucleases,theseenzymesdonotre-abroaderpHrange(includingbothacidicandneutralpH)quiredivalentcationsandmayhaveanacidicpHoptimumthanwasDNaseIIa(Counisetal.,2006).(Bernardi,1971;Evansetal.,2003;MacLeaetal.,2003).ZincandL-DNaseIIderivesfroml
7、eukocyteelastaseinhibitor(LEI)copperhavestronginhibitoryeffectsonDNaseIIactivityandexhibitsaserineproteaseinhibitoractivityandacyto-(Bernardi,1971;Heveloneetal.,1988;Lyonetal.,1997).Ad-plasmiclocalization.TheLEIundergoesaposttranslationalditionally,certainmonovalentcations,suchasso
8、dium,alsomodificationinvolv
