Real-time scheduling for twin RMGs in an automated

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1、ORSpectrum(2010)32:593615DOI10.1007/s00291-010-0209-0REGULARARTICLEReal-timeschedulingfortwinRMGsinanautomatedcontaineryardTaejinPark·RiChoe·SeungMinOk·KwangRyelRyuPublishedonline:4April2010©Springer-Verlag2010AbstractThispaperproposesheuristic-basedandlocal-search-basedreal-timeschedulin

2、gmethodsfortwinrail-mountedgantry(RMG)cranesworkinginablockatanautomatedcontainerterminal.Themethodsreschedulethecranesinrealtimeforagivenfixed-lengthlook-aheadhorizonwheneveranRMGfinishesajob.Onedifficultywiththisproblemisthatsometimesadditionalrehandlingofcontainersneedstobecarriedoutinord

3、ertocompletearequestedjob,especiallywhenothercontainersarestackedontopofthetargetcontainer.Theserehandlingsarethemaincauseofthedelayofthecraneoperations,leadingtoextendedwaitingofautomatedguidedvehi-cles(AGVs)orexternaltrucksthatco-workwiththecranes.Bytreatingtherehandlingoperationsasinde

4、pendentjobsinoursolutionmethods,wecangreatlyfacilitatethecooperationbetweenthetwoRMGs.Throughthiscooperation,theworkloadofthetwoRMGscanbebetterbalancedandinterferencecanbemoreeasilyavoided,therebymaximizingcraneutilization.SimulationexperimentsshowthatthewaitingtimesofAGVsandexternaltruck

5、saresignificantlyreducedduetotheincreasedutilizationthroughcooperation.KeywordsAutomatedcontainerterminal·Real-timescheduling·StackingcraneT.Park·R.Choe·S.M.Ok·K.R.Ryu(B)DepartmentofComputerEngineering,PusanNationalUniversity,Jangjeon-dongSan30,Geumjeong-gu,Busan609-735,Koreae-mail:krryu@

6、pusan.ac.krT.Parke-mail:parktj@pusan.ac.krR.Choee-mail:choilee@pusan.ac.krS.M.Oke-mail:seungmin@pusan.ac.kr123594T.Parketal.1IntroductionThestackingyardofaportcontainerterminalistheareawhereincomingcontainersdwelltemporarilyuntiltheyareloadedontovesselsorclaimedbyexternaltrucks.Tominimize

7、thedelayofservicestovesselsorexternaltrucks,thehandlingofcontainersattheyardmustbedoneinanefficientway.Figure1isaschematicrepresentationofanautomatedcontainerterminal.Ascanbeseeninthefigure,thestackingyardcon-sistsofmanyblocks,andeachblockcontainsanumberofcontainersta