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1、JHappinessStudDOI10.1007/s10902-011-9267-5HappinessRunsinaCircularMotion:EvidenceforaPositiveFeedbackLoopbetweenProsocialSpendingandHappinessLaraB.Aknin•ElizabethW.Dunn•MichaelI.NortonÓSpringerScience+BusinessMediaB.V.2011AbstractWeexaminewhetherapositivefeedbackl
2、oopexistsbetweenspendingmoneyonothers(i.e.prosocialspending)andhappiness.Participantsrecalledapreviouspurchasemadeforeitherthemselvesorsomeoneelseandthenreportedtheirhappiness.Afterward,participantschosewhethertospendamonetarywindfallonthemselvesorsomeoneelse.Part
3、icipantsassignedtorecallapurchasemadeforsomeoneelsereportedfeelingsignif-icantlyhappierimmediatelyafterthisrecollection;mostimportantly,thehappierpartici-pantsfelt,themorelikelytheyweretochoosetospendawindfallonsomeoneelseinthenearfuture.Thus,byprovidinginitialevi
4、denceforapositivefeedbackloopbetweenprosocialspendingandwell-being,thesedataofferonepotentialpathtosustainablehappiness:prosocialspendingincreaseshappinesswhichinturnencouragesprosocialspending.KeywordsHappinessWell-beingMoneyProsocialspendingSustainabilityFe
5、edbackloop1IntroductionCansimpleinterventionsleadtosustainableincreasesinsubjectivewell-being?Muchoftheresearchconductedtodatesuggeststhatwhilehappinesslevelscanbeincreased,theseeffectsareoftenfleeting.Indeed,severalstrategieshavebeenshowntoboostwell-beinglevelstem
6、porarily,buttheirpositiveemotionaloutcomestendtofadeovertimeifthestrategiesarenotrepeatedregularly(e.g.,EmmonsandMcCullough2003;Seligmanetal.2005).Whilethebenefitsofthesestrategiesmaybetransitory,itispossiblethatthewell-beingexperiencedafterengaginginthesebehaviors
7、mightencouragepeopletoengageinL.B.Aknin(&)E.W.DunnPsychologyDepartment,UniversityofBritishColumbia,2136WestMallVancouver,Vancouver,BCV6T1Z4,Canadae-mail:laknin@psych.ubc.caM.I.NortonMarketingDepartment,HarvardBusinessSchool,SoldiersField,Boston,MA,USA123L.B.Aknin
8、etal.thesamebehaviorsagain.Ifthisisthecase,apositivefeedbackloopmayoccur,offeringapotentialpathtosustainablehappiness.Here,wetestwhethersuchapositivefee
