光网络组成PPT

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1、光网络的组成Couplers（耦合器）lasers（激光器）photodetectors（光检测器）opticalamplifiers（光放大器）opticalswitches（光转换）filtersandmultiplexers（滤波器和复用器）CouplersUsedto：combineorsplitopticalsignals（对光信号连接和分束）下图为2*2耦合器α耦合系数Inawavelength-independentdevice,αisindependentofthewavelen

2、gthinawavelength-selectivedevice,αdependsonthewavelength3dBcoupler在两根输出光线中光功率相等分光比为50:50，但两个输出端口的光有∏/2相对相位差，即耦合到另一光线中的输出光与沿直通输出方向的光存在相位滞后分光比：表示耦合器输出端口之间光功率分配比例IsolatorsandCirculatorsAnisolator（分离器）isapassivenonreciprocaldevice静态单向设备mainfunctionistoal

3、lowtransmissioninonedirectionthroughitbutblockalltransmissionintheotherdirectionAcirculatorissimilartoanisolator,exceptthatithasmultipleports环行器twokeyparametersofanisolatorinsertionlossthelossintheforwarddirection,andwhichshouldbeassmallaspossiblearo

4、und1dBIsolationlossthelossinthereversedirection,andwhichshouldbeaslargeaspossiblearound40-50dB隔离器两种偏振模式horizontalandverticalmodes垂直和水平模式SOP：stateofpolarization偏振状态Apolarization-independentisolator.a.从左至右传输b.从右至左传输filtersandmultiplexers（滤波器和复用器）Multip

5、lexersanddemultiplexersmultiplexanddemultiplexsignalsatdifferentwavelengthsinWDMsystems（在WDM系统中对不同波长信号的复用和解复用）toprovideequalizationofthegainandfilteringofnoiseinopticalamplifiers.a）选通器：一根光线多波长只选通一个波长到出口光线处，其他波长从第三端口输出b)复用器：多光纤的不同波长波长复用到一根光线opticalamp

6、lifiers（光放大器）overcomefiberandothercomponentlosses（防止损耗，降低噪声）usedtoamplifysignalsatmultiplewavelengths（在复用波长时放大信号）Transmitters激光器：Bothsemiconductoranderbiumfiberlasers（半导体或饵光纤激光器）arecapableofachievinghighoutputpowers（输出功率）,typicallybetween0and20dBm,al

7、thoughsemiconductorlasersusedasWDMsourcestypicallyhaveoutputpowersbetween0and10dBm.Detectors接收机将承载信息的光信号变成电信号光信号接收的基础在于光电检测器，可以实现直接监测和相干检测光电检测器在所用光源的波长范围内有较高响应度较小的噪声响应速度快对温度变化不敏感与光纤尺寸匹配工作寿命长光转换器和波长转换器opticalswitches光转换animportantroleasopticalnetworks

8、becomemoreagilewavelengthconverters波长转换器convertsignalsfromonewavelengthtoanother,attheedgesoftheopticalnetwork,aswellasinsidethenetwork.WavelengthConvertersconvertsdatafromoneincomingwavelengthtoanotheroutgoingwavelength（将数据从一个输入波长到另一个输出波长）wavelength