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1、WOmEnInaGrICULtUrE:CLOSInGthEGEnDErGaPFOrDEvELOPmEnt233.Documentingthegendergapinagriculture9Accesstoproductiveresourcessuchasland,lesslikelytoownoroperateland;theyaremoderninputs,technology,educationandlesslikelytohaveaccesstorentedland,andfinancialservicesisacriticaldeterminantthel
2、andtheydohaveaccesstoisoftenofofagriculturalproductivity.Agriculturepoorerqualityandinsmallerplots.isimportanttowomen,butfemaleThemostcomprehensivedataonwomen’sfarmers(Box4)havelessaccesstotheaccesstolandcomefromtheFAOGenderproductiveresourcesandservicesrequiredandLandRightsDatabase(
3、FAO,2010f),andbyagriculturalproducers.Womenarelesswerecollectedfromdifferentdatasources,likelythanmentoownlandorlivestock,includinghouseholdsurveys,agriculturaladoptnewtechnologies,usecreditorothercensusesandtheacademicliterature.Thefinancialservices,orreceiveeducationordatabaseprovi
4、desinformationonthesharesextensionadvice.Insomecases,womendoof“agriculturalholders”whoaremaleandnotevencontroltheuseoftheirowntime.female.AnagriculturalholderisdefinedasWhilethesizeofthegendergapdiffersthepersonorgroupofpersonswhoexercisebyresourceandlocation,theunderlyingmanagementc
5、ontroloveranagriculturalcausesforthegenderassetgaparerepeatedholding.Theholdingmaybeowned,acrossregions:socialnormssystematicallyrentedorallocatedfromcommonpropertylimittheoptionsavailabletowomen.resourcesandmaybeoperatedonashare-Regardlessofcauseormagnitude,however,croppedbasis.theg
6、enderassetgapreducestheagriculturalStarkgenderdisparitiesinlandholdingsproductivityofwomenandthusinvolvesareapparentinallregions(Figure8).broadereconomicandsocialcosts.Womenrepresentfewerthan5percentofallagriculturalholdersinthecountriesinNorthAfricaandWestAsiaforwhichLanddataareavai
7、lable.Thesub-SaharanAfricanaverageof15percentmaskswidevariations,Landisthemostimportanthouseholdassetfromfewerthan5percentinMalitooverforhouseholdsthatdependonagriculture30percentincountriessuchasBotswana,fortheirlivelihoods.AccesstolandisabasicCapeVerdeandMalawi.LatinAmericarequirem
8、entforfarmin
