2015年职称英语卫生B真题及答案汇总

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1、2015年全国职称英语等级考试试卷卫生类B级第一部分词汇选项缺第二部分阅读判断缺第三部分概括大意EbolaOutbreak1YouarelikelyawarethatseveralcountriesinWestAfricaarebattlinganEbolaoutbreak.Ebolaisadangerousandoftenlethalviralinfection.Scientistsbelievethathumanscontractedthevirusbyeatingthemeatofrareanimals.Itisnow

2、believedthatbatsaretheprimarycarriesofthevirus.2Todate,thereareonlythreemajorcountriesinWestAfricaexperiencingamajoroutbreak:SierraLeone,LiberiaandGuinea.However,othercountriessuchasNigeriahavereportedconfirmedcasesofEbolawithintheirborders.　3Unlessyourecentlyvisit

3、edoneofthethreeaffectedWestcountriesyouriskofcontractingthevirusisvirtuallyzero.UnlikeotherrecentairbornevirusoutbreakslikeSARS,theEbolaviruscanonlybespreadthroughdirectcontactwithaninfectedperson.Specifically,Ebolaisspreadthroughcontactwithbodyfluids.Though,thevir

4、usistransmittable,onlyaninfectedpersonexhibitingsymptomsiscommunicable.　4ThesignsandsymptomsofEbolaarenon-specificandpatientstypicallyexhibitthemafteraweekofcontractingthevirus.Symptomsmayappearasearlyastwodaysoraslateasthreeweeksafterinitialinfection.Symptomsinclu

5、dedisgust,weaknessandstomachpain.Moreuncommonsymptomsincludechestpain,bleedingandsorethroat.5Ebolaisdevastatingbecauseofitsabilitytoattackandreplicateineveryorganofthebody.Thiscausesanoverstimulationofthebody’sinflammatoryresponse,causingtheflu-likesymptoms.Theviru

6、salsocausesbleedingandimpairsthebody'snormalclottingmechanism(凝血机制),makingbleedingevenmoresevere.Lossofbloodvolumeanddecreasedorganperfusion(器官灌注)ultimatelyleadtoorganfailureanddeath.6Thecurrentoutbreakisthedeadliestviraloutbreakinover35years.Whilediseasessuchasthe

7、malaria(疟疾)arefarmorecommunicable,Ebolaisoneoftheworld’smostfatalviralinfections.Ebola'sfatalityrateexceedsthatofSARS.23.paragraph2___D____24.paragraph3___A____25.paragraph4___C____26.paragraph5___E____A.AmIatriskofcontractingthevirus?B.isthecurrentoutbreakthedeadl

8、iest?C.Howdoknowifhavecontractedthevirus?D.Whatareasarecurrentlyaffected?E.WhatexactlydoesEboladotothebody?F.WhatcausedtheEbolaoutbreak?27.Theini