chapter 1 exercises

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1、ｐａｒｔ　１Fillintheblank:１．Language,broadlyspeaking,isameansof______communication.Answer:verbal２．Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedforhuman______.A.contactB.communicationC.relationD.communityAnswer:B.communication３．　Languageis______.A.instinctiveB.non-instinct

2、iveC.staticD.geneticallytransmittedAnswer:B.non-instinctive４．Alinguistregardsthechangesinlanguageandlanguageuseas______.A.unnaturalB.somethingtobefearedC.naturalD.abnormalAnswer:C.natural５．Languageisameansofverbalcommunication.Therefore,thecommunicationwayusedbythed

3、eaf-muteisnotlanguage.Answer:[F]Thedeaf-mutecanstillthinkconceptually.Theycanuseotherformssuchasvisualandtactileimpressions.Theycanspeakwithoutsounds.Theyuseaspeciallanguagetocommunicate.４．Languagechangeisuniversal,ongoingandarbitrary.Answer:[F]Itisnotarbitrary.Itis

4、duetosocialandlinguisticfactors.５．Languageisasystemofarbitrary,writtensignswhichpermitallpeopleinagivenculture,orotherpeoplewhohavelearnedthesystemofthatculture,tocommunicateorinteract.Answer:[F]Itshouldbevocalsymbols.ｐａｒｔ　２１．Inanylanguagewordscanbeusedinnewwaystome

5、annewthingsandcanbecombinedintoinnumerablesentencesbasedonlimitedrules.Thisfeatureisusuallytermed______.１．Whichofthefollowingwordsisentirelyarbitrary?A.treeB.crashC.typewriterD.bang２．Whichofthefollowingpropertyoflanguageenableslanguageuserstoovercomethebarrierscause

6、dbytimeandplace,duetothisfeatureoflanguage,speakersofalanguagearefreetotalkaboutanythinginanysituation?A.TransferabilityB.DualityC.DisplacementD.Arbitrariness(C.displacement)３．Dualityisoneofthecharacteristicsofhumanlanguage.Itreferstothefactthatlanguagehastwolevelso

7、fstructures:thesystemofsoundandthesystemofmeanings.１．Arbitrarinessoflanguagemakesitpotentiallycreative,andconventionalityoflanguagemakesalanguagebepassedfromgenerationtogeneration.Asaforeignlanguagelearner,thelatterismoreimportantforus.２．Theorythatprimitivemanmadein

8、voluntaryvocalnoiseswhileperformingheavyworkhadbeencalledthe_____.(yo-he-ho)３．Thetheorythatlanguagearosefrominstinctiveemotionalcries,expr