Sherwood Anderson

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1、SherwoodAndersonwasborninOhioin1876.ThoughhischildhoodandyouthinClydewerescarredbypoverty,healsoknewsomeofthepleasuresofpre-industrialAmericansociety.Thetownwasthenexperiencingwhathewouldlatercall“asuddenandalmostuniversalturningofmenfromtheoldhandicraftstowardsourmode

2、rnlifeofmachines”,whichisregardedastheprototypeofthebackgroudinAnderson’snovels.YoungSherwood,knownas“Jobby”,showedhisentrepreneurialspirit.InhistwentieshemovedtoChicagoandworkedinanadvertisingagency.AtthattimeheservedasavolunteerintheSpanish-AmericanWar.Afterthatheenr

3、olledatWittenbergUniversity in Springfield,Ohio.EventuallyhesecuredajobasacopywriterinChicagoandbecamemoresuccessful.In1904AndersonmarriedandmovedtoElyriain1907,wherehemanagedamail-orderbusinessandpaintmanufacturingfirms.In1912occurredthegreatturningpointinAnderson’sli

4、fe,asheabandonedhiscommerceandbecameoneoftherebelliouswritersinthegroupcalledthe“ChicagoRenaissance”.In1919hepublishedtheWinesburg,OhiowhichwasandimmediatecriticalsuccessandsoonAndersonwasbeingrankedasasignificantliteraryfigure.In1921thedistinguishedliterarymagazineThe

5、Dialawardedhisitsfirstannualliteraryprizeof$2000(secondrecipientwasT.S.Eliot),anditistheonlyprizeAndersongets.LaterAndersonpublishedmanyothernovelsandshortstories,butmostcriticsandreadersgrewimpatientwithhislaterwritings;theyfelthewasconstantlyrepeatinghisearlywritings

6、tyles.Andersondiedin Panama attheageof64whileona cruise toSouthAmerica.SherwoodAnderson’sinfluenceuponlaterAmericanwriters，especiallywhosewhowritesshortstories，isenormous，anditsliteraryvoicecanbeheardinErnestHemingway,WilliamFaulkner,ThomasWrolfe,JohnSteinbeck,ErskineC

7、aldwellandothers．Heiscalled“thetutorofgreatmasters”,thefatherofthewritersinthatgeneration.ErnestHemingwayandWilliamFaulknerbothpraisehimasawriterwhobringsanewtremoroffeeling，anewsenseofintrospectiveness(内省)toAmericanshortstories．AsFaulknerputsit，Andersonis“thefumblingf

8、orexactitude”，theexactwordandphrasewithinthelimitedscopeofavocabularycontrolledandevenrepressedbywhatwasinhimalmostaf