95至97年阅读

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1、Researchershaveestablishedthatwhenpeoplearementallyengaged,biochemicalchangesoccurinthebrainthatallowittoactmoreeffectivelyincognitive(认知的)areassuchasattentionandmemory.Thisistrueregardlessofage.Peoplewillbealert(警觉的)andreceptive(接受能力强的)iftheyarefacedwith

2、informationthatgetsthemtothinkaboutthingstheyareinterestedin.Andsomeonewithahistoryofdoingmoreratherthanlesswillgointooldagemorecognitivelysoundthansomeonewhohasnothadanactivemind.Manyexpertsaresoconvincedofthebenefitsofchallengingthebrainthattheyareputti

3、ngthetheorytoworkintheirownlives."Theideaisnotnecessarilytolearntomemorizeenormousamountsofinformation,"saysJamesFozard,associatedirectoroftheNationalInstituteonAging."Mostofusdon'tneedthatkindofskill.Suchspecifictrainingisoflessinterestthanbeingabletomai

4、ntainmentalalertness."Fozardandotherssaytheychallengetheirbrainswithdifferentmentalskills,bothbecausetheyenjoythemandbecausetheyaresurethattheirrangeofactivitieswillhelpthewaytheirbrainswork.GeneCohen,actingdirectorofthesameinstitute,suggeststhatpeopleint

5、heiroldageshouldengageinmentalandphysicalactivitiesindividuallyaswellasingroups.Cohensaysthatwearefrequentlyadvisedtokeepphysicallyactiveasweage,butolderpeopleneedtokeepmentallyactiveaswell.Thosewhodoaremorelikelytomaintaintheirintellectualabilitiesandtob

6、egenerallyhappierandbetteradjusted."Thepointis,youneedtodoboth."Cohensays,"Intellectualactivityactuallyinfluencesbrain-cellhealthandsize."21.Peoplewhoarecognitivelyhealthyarethose__C_.A)whocanrememberlargeamountsofinformationB)whoarehighlyintelligentC)who

7、semindsarealertandreceptiveD)whoaregoodatrecognizingdifferentsounds22.AccordingtoFozard'sargument,peoplecanmaketheirbrainsworkmoreefficientlyby__B_____.A)constantlydoingmemoryworkB)takingpartinvariousmentalactivitiesC)goingthroughspecifictrainingD)makingf

8、requentadjustments23.ThefindingsofJamesandotherscientistsintheirwork_D____.A)remainatheorytobefurtherprovedB)havebeenchallengedbymanyotherexpertsC)havebeengenerallyacceptedD)arepractisedbytheresearchersthemselve24.O