5.37 Stem Cell Therapy – MRI for In Vivo Monitoring of Cell

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1、5.37StemCellTherapy–MRIforInVivoMonitoringofCellandTissueFunctionDStuckey,ImperialCollegeLondon,London,UK©2011ElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved.5.37.1Introduction4675.37.2MRIforTrackingStemCellFate4685.37.2.1InVitroStemCellLabeling4685.37.2.1.1Negativecontrastagents4685.37.2.1.2

2、Positivecontrastagents4705.37.2.2ReporterGeneImaging4715.37.3ApplicationsofStemCellTracking4715.37.3.1NeurologicalDisorders4725.37.3.2Cancer4725.37.3.3LiverDisease4735.37.3.4KidneyInjury4745.37.3.5TypeIDiabetes4745.37.3.6MyocardialInfarction4745.37.4MRIforMeasuringTissueFunc

3、tionafterStemCellTherapy4755.37.4.1StemCellTherapyforNeurologicalDisorders4755.37.4.2StemCellTherapyforMyocardialInfarction4775.37.5Conclusions478Acknowledgments478References478GlossaryrelaxationrateTherateatwhichnuclearmagnetizationcontrastagentParamagneticorsuperparamagnet

4、icmediareturnstoequilibriumafterexcitation.thatalterlocalprotonrelaxationtimesandimprovecontrasttransfectionagentChargedmacromoleculesoriginallybetweendifferentstructuresofthebodyinmagneticdesignedtoencapsulateandtrafficDNAacrossthecellresonanceimages.membraneandintoendosome

5、s.magneticmomentAmeasureofthemagnitudeanddirectionofthemagnetismofasystem.5.37.1IntroductionNoninvasivemethodsforaccuratelymonitoringgraftedstemcelllocationandtheresultantchangestotissuefunctionareessentialforevaluationofstemcelltherapy.Serialimagingstudiesthatassesstissuefu

6、nctioninliveexperimentalanimalsandhumanshaveidentifiedbeneficialeffectsfromstemcelltherapy,includingreducedstrokelesionsizeandincreasedcardiaccontractility.Itisalsodesirabletomonitorthefateofthegraftedstemcellswithintheliverecipient.Celltrackingcangivevaluableinformationonth

7、esuccessofcelladministration;thelocation,retention,andviabilityofthegraftedcells;theabilityofthecellstomigratetowardareasofdamage;andthefunctionalanddifferentiationstateofthestemcells.Thisinformationcanbeusedtooptimizestemcelltherapy,asitallowsinvivocomparisonofdifferentstem

8、celltypesanddoses,administrationroutes,aswellastimingofcelladministration.S