Signaling mechanisms of plant cryptochromes in Arabidopsis thaliana

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1、JPlantRes(2016)129:137–148DOI10.1007/s10265-015-0782-zJPRSYMPOSIUMTheCuttingEdgeofPhotoresponseMechanisms:PhotoreceptorandSignalingMechanismSignalingmechanismsofplantcryptochromesinArabidopsisthalianaBobinLiu1,2·ZhaoheYang1·AdamGomez3·BinLiu4·ChentaoLin5·YoshitoOka1Received:23Sept

2、ember2015/Accepted:8December2015/Publishedonline:25January2016©TheBotanicalSocietyofJapanandSpringerJapan2016AbstractCryptochromes(CRY)areflavoproteinshypocotylelongation.CRY1andCRY2thusnotonlysharethatdirectadiversearrayofdevelopmentalprocessesinacommonpathwaybutalsorelaylightsig

3、nalsthroughdis-responsetobluelightinplants.Conformationalchangesintinctpathways,whichmayleadtoaltereddevelopmentalCRYareinducedbytheabsorptionofphotonsandresultinprogramsinplants.thepropagationoflightsignalstodownstreamcomponents.InArabidopsis,CRY1andCRY2servebothdistinctandKeywor

4、dsCryptochrome·De-etiolation·Flowering·partiallyoverlappingfunctionsinregulatingphotomorpho-Photomorphogenesis·Transcriptiongenicresponsesandphotoperiodicflowering.Forexample,bothCRY1andCRY2regulatetheabundanceoftranscrip-tionfactorsbydirectlyreversingtheactivityofE3ubiqui-Introdu

5、ctiontinligaseonCONSTITUTIVEPHOTOMORPHOGENIC1andSUPPRESSOROFPHYA-1051complexesinablueBecauseplantsrelyonlightasasourceofenergy,theyhavelight-dependentmanner.CRY2alsospecificallygovernsaevolvedsophisticatedmechanismstomaximizetheuseofphotoperiodicfloweringmechanismbydirectlyinterac

6、t-availablelightbyregulatingtheirowngrowthanddevel-ingwithatranscriptionfactorcalledCRYPTOCHROME-opmentinresponsetosurroundinglightenvironments.INTERACTINGBASIC-HELIX-LOOP-HELIX.Recently,Plantspossessavarietyofphotoreceptorsthatallowthemstructure/functionanalysisofCRY1revealedthat

7、theCON-torecognizechangesinthedirection,intensity,andqual-STITUTIVEPHOTOMORPHOGENIC1independentityoflight,includingUVRESISTANCELOCUS8,pho-pathwayisalsoinvolvedinCRY1-mediatedinhibitionoftotropins,CRYs,FLAVIN-BINDINGKELCHREPEATF-BOX1,ZEITLUPE(ZTL),LOVKELCHPROTEIN2(LKP2)andphytochro

8、mes(Cashmoreetal.1999;SmithB.Liu,