机械常用词汇

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1、材料aluminum铝austeniticstainlesssteel奥氏体不锈钢babbit巴氏合金borazon(=boronnitride)氮化硼brass黄铜bronze青铜carbide硬质合金carburizingsteel渗碳钢CBN(cubicboronnitride)立方氮化硼ceramic陶瓷的chromemolybdenumsteel铬钼钢compositematerial复合材料ferriticstainlesssteel铁素体不锈钢ferrousmaterial黑色金属hardalloy硬质合金highcarbonsteel高碳钢highspeedsteel高速

2、钢malleablecastiron可锻铸铁manganesesteel锰钢nitridingsteel(=nitridedsteel)氮化钢（渗碳钢）non-ferrousmaterial有色金属organicmaterial有机化合物sinteredalloy金属陶瓷合金stainlesschromiumsteel不锈铬钢stainlesssteel不锈钢tungalloy钨合金tungsten钨whitecastiron白口铸铁工具adjustable(English/monkey)活动扳手allenkey内六角扳手allenwrench内六角扳手boxspanner(wrench

3、)梅花扳手diehandle(wrench)丝攻扳手diestock扳牙扳手double-headbox-wrench双头梅花扳手double-headwrench双头开口扳手hexwrench六角扳手hookspanner钩头扳手openendwrench开口扳手socketwrench套筒扳手spanner(wrench)活动扳手tapwrench丝锥扳手torqueindicating扭力显示扳手wrenchopening扳手口cross-bladedscrewdriver十字起子flat-bladedscrewdriver一字起子flatscrew平头改锥螺丝刀phillipss

4、crew十字螺丝刀turnscrew螺丝起子benchwork钳工cuttingpliers(nippers)克丝钳long-nosepliers尖嘴钳handvice手虎钳parallel-jawvice平口虎（台）钳vicebench钳工台、虎钳台vice/vise虎钳dead-smoothfile油光锉roundfile圆锉smoothfile细锉squarefile方锉flatfile扁锉half-roundfile半圆锉three-squarefile/triangularfile三角锉dividinghead分度头honingstone油石drillchuck钻夹头drill

5、jig/jigbush(ing)钻套emerypaper砂纸hammer榔头handhammer手锤handsaw手锯chisel凿子copperhammer铜锤Morsetapershank莫氏锥柄puller拔出器bearingextractor/puller轴承拔出器punch洋冲quill顶尖套rotatingcenter/livecenter活顶尖steeltape钢卷尺indexchangegears分度挂轮indexplate分度盘lathecenter顶尖threadingdie扳牙threejawchuck三爪卡盘chuck卡盘clearancegauge(=gage)

6、/feelergauge塞规depthgauge深度尺dialindicator(gauge)千分表feelergauge塞尺profilegauge/template样板flatplate/plate平板gaugeblock块规micrometer千分尺micrometercaliper千分尺slidegauge/verniercaliper游标卡尺datumsurface基准平板locatingpin/dowelpin/alignment定位销mandrel/arbor芯轴ammeter安培表multimeter万用表ohmmeter欧姆表voltmeter伏特表roundshank

7、straightshankcylindric(al)shank圆柱柄标准件angularballbearing向心球轴承angular-contactballbearing向心推力球轴承ballbearing滚珠轴承ballthrustbearing推力球轴承combinedthrustandradialbearing径向推力轴承needlebearing滚针轴承plainrollerbearing圆柱滚子轴承radialandth