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1、PoliticalLegitimacyandChina’sTransition*BAOGANGGUOThisstudyrevealsadistinctiveChinesecognitivemodelofpoliticallegitimacy,andanalyzeshowpoliticalleadersinBeijinghavemaintaineditslegitimacythroughcultivatingdifferentelementsofthistraditionalmodel.Thecentralargumentdevelopedinthisstudyisthatso
2、farthegovernmentinBeijinghasshownremarkableadaptabilitytoachangingpoliticalenvironment.However,thetransitiontowardsamarketeconomyhasredefinedthemeaningsofthecentury-oldcognitivemodel.Consequently,theexistingsystemoflegitimizationisbeingseriouslychallenged.INTRODUCTIONAftermorethantwodecades
3、ofrapidchanges,China’seconomicsystemhasbeentransformedbeyondrecognition.However,thefundamentalsofChina’spoliticalsystemhaveremainedlargelyunaffected.Thislopsideddevelopmenthascreated“theChinaparadoxes.”Althoughthebasicframeworkforamarketeconomyhasbeenputintoplace,Chinaisstillanauthoritarian
4、party-state.Whileeconomicfreedomhasbecomeanengineofeconomicgrowth,thegovernmentretainstightcontroloverthemediaandpoliticalorganizations.AndeventhoughChinahascreatedanewmiracleofeconomictake-off,itis1stilloverwhelmedwithalltypesofgoverningcrises.Theinternalandexternalpressuresformorepolitica
5、lreformshaveintensifiedinrecentyearsduetomanyfactors.Thediversificationoftheeconomy,forinstance,hascreatedafavorableconditionforapluralisticsociety.Differentvoicesfrommanynewsocialclassesaswellasoldonescannowbeheardopenly.TheemergenceofanewmiddleclassisnotonlyturningChinaintooneoftheworld’s
6、largestconsumermarketsbutisalso2creatingstrongersocialsupportforpoliticalliberalism.Manybelievethat,oncethisclass3getsstrongerandmoresophisticated,democratizationwillbeonlyamatteroftime.Cracksinthecurrentpoliticalsystemcanbeseeninmanyareas.Theonceall-powerfulLeninistandMaoistideologieshaveb
7、eenmarginalizedandweakened.Westernideas,suchashumanrights,individualism,politicalaccountability,andtransparency,aregraduallytakingrootsinChina’spoliticallife.Moreover,theon-goingtelecommunicationrevolutionhasreducedpeople’srelianceonthegovernment-runmedi
