T H E O R I E S O F M I G R A T I O N

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1、ScottishJournalofPoliticalEconomy,Vol.60,No.5,November2013©1986ScottishEconomicSociety.1THEORIESOFMIGRATION:AREVIEWIanMolho*IINTRODUCTIONAlongstandinganddeeplyrootedprobleminassimilatingandevaluatingresearchonmigrationtheoryliesinthediverseandfragmentednatureofthefield.Thislit

2、eraturederivesfromanumberofdifferentdisciplinesthevariousstrandsofwhicharerarelyboundtogetherintoanintegratedtreatment,andoftenpro-ceedwithlittleornoexchangeofreference.Asaresult,relianceonanyonesingleapproachislikelytoleadtoahighlyspecificandincompleteviewofthecomplexprocesses

3、affectingindividuals’locationaldecisionsinthespaceeconomy.Giventhisdiversityofresearch,thereisanobviousneedforafairlywide-rangingreviewoftheliteratureinthearea.Assuch,Greenwood’s(1975)reviewhasbecomesomethingofalandmark,andastandardreferenceinthefield.Greenwood’s(1975)reviewref

4、erredmoreorlessexclusivelytothe2AmericanratherthantheBritishliteratureinthisfield,however.FurtheragreatdealhasbeenpublishedintheareasinceGreenwood’s(1975)review,whichisworthyofattention.Mostimportantlyhowever,Greenwood(1975)confinedhisattentionlargelytoempiricalstudieswithoutun

5、dertakingasystematicevaluationofunderlyingtheoriesofmigration,andthisprovidestheprimarymotivationforthispaper.Whilstthegreatmajorityofmigrationstudiesdotendtobeessentiallyempir-icalincontent,itisarguedherethat(contrarytoreceivedopinion)thevarietyofexistingtheoreticalperspecti

6、vesonmigrationareneverthelessremarkablyrich.Clearly,whilsttheoryandevidencecannotdevelopinisolationfromeachother,alltoofrequentlyappliedstudiestendtoproceedonthebasisofsomehazythe-oreticalnotionswhicharerarelygivenmorethanpassingattention.Thispaperattemptstoredressthebalance,

7、consideringappliedstudiesonlyinsofarastheyareabletoshedlightonthesignandstrengthofparticularrelationships.Inthenextsectionofthispaper,severalimportantconceptsandthemesinmigrationanalysisareidentifiedinordertoprovideaframeofreferenceforthe3considerationofvarioustheoreticalpersp

8、ectivesintheremainderofthepaper.*UniversityofNewcastle1Thisarticlewa