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1、InternationalTaxandPublicFinance,10,5–23,2003C2003KluwerAcademicPublishers.PrintedinTheNetherlands.UrbanSprawlandthePropertyTaxJANK.BRUECKNERjbrueckn@uiuc.eduDepartmentofEconomics,InstituteofGovernmentandPublicAffairs,UniversityofIllinoisatUrbana-Champaign,Cha
2、mpaign,IL61820,USAHYUN-AKIMhyuna@kipf.re.krKoreaInstituteofPublicFinance,Seoul,SouthKoreaAbstractThispaperexplorestheconnectionbetweenthepropertytaxandurbansprawl.Whilethetax’sdepressingeffectonimprovementsreducespopulationdensity,spurringthespatialexpansionofc
3、ities,acountervailingeffectfromlowerdwellingsizesmaydominate,raisingdensitiesandmakingcitiessmaller.TheanalysisshowsthatthislatteroutcomeisguaranteedunderCESpreferenceswhentheelasticityofsubstitutionσishigh.ButnumericalresultsfortheLeontiefcase(whereσiszero)sug
4、gestthatthepropertytaxencouragesurbansprawlwhensubstitutionbetweenhousingandothergoodsislow.Thus,thedistortionsgeneratedbythepropertytaxmayincludeinefficientspatialexpansionofcities,suggestingthetaxmaybelongonthelistofcausalfactorsidentifiedbycriticsofurbansprawl
5、.Keywords:urbansprawl,propertytaxJELCode:H71,R10,R141.IntroductionUrbansprawlhasbecomeanimportantpolicyissueintheU.S.inrecentyears.Whilesprawlispartlyadescriptiveterm,referringtothespatialexpansionofcities,italsohasapejorativeconnotation,implyingthenormativejud
6、gementthaturbanspatialgrowthisexcessive.Thus,criticsofurbansprawlarguethatlongcommutes,trafficcongestion,andtherapidconversionofagriculturallandareevidencethatAmericancitieshaveexpandedtoomuch.Thisbeliefhasspawnednumerouspolicymeasuresatthestateandlocallevelsdes
7、ignedtolimitthespatialexpansionofU.S.cities(seeBrueckner,2001bfordetails).Urbaneconomictheorytellsusthatthespatialgrowthofcitiesisaresultofseveralfundamentalforces.TheseincludeexpansionoftheU.S.populationaswellastheriseinhouseholdincomes,whichspursthedemandforl
8、andbyencouragingconsumptionoflargerhouses.Inaddition,urbanspatialexpansionisanaturalconsequenceofheavyinvestmentintransportationinfrastructure(mainlyfreeways),whicheasescomm
