X86_Assembly

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1、X86AssemblyFromWikibooks,theopen-contenttextbookscollectionContents•1Introduction•1.1WhyLearnAssembly?•1.2WhoisThisBookFor?•1.3HowisThisBookOrganized?•2BasicFAQ•2.1HowDoestheComputerRead/UnderstandAssembly?•2.2IsittheSameOnWindows/DOS/Linux?•2.3WhichAssemblerisBest?•2.4DoI

2、NeedtoKnowAssembly?•2.5HowShouldIFormatmyCode?•3X86Family•3.1Intelx86Microprocessors•3.2AMDx86CompatibleMicroprocessors•4X86Architecture•4.1x86Architecture•4.1.1GeneralPurposeRegisters(GPR)•4.1.2SegmentRegisters•4.1.3EFLAGSRegister•4.1.4InstructionPointer•4.1.5Memory•4.1.6

3、Two'scomplementrepresentation•4.1.7Addressingmodes•4.2Stack•4.3CPUOperationModes•4.3.1RealMode•4.3.2ProtectedMode•4.3.2.1FlatMemoryModel•4.3.2.2Multi-SegmentedMemoryModel•5Comments•5.1Comments•5.2HLAComments•61632and64Bits•6.1The8086Registers•6.1.1Example•6.2TheA20GateSaga

4、•6.332-BitAddressing•7X86Instructions•7.1Conventions•8DataTransfer•8.1Datatransferinstructions•8.1.1Move•8.1.2DataSwap•8.1.3MoveandExtend•8.1.4MovebyDataSizeTheWikibookofx86AssemblyLanguageIntroductionx86AssemblyWhyLearnAssembly?Assemblyisthemostprimitivetoolintheprogramme

5、rstoolbox.Entiresoftwareprojectscanbewrittenwithouteveroncelookingatasinglelineofassemblycode.Sothequestionarises:whylearnassembly?Assemblylanguageistheclosestformofcommunicationthathumanscanengageinwithacomputer.Usingassembly,theprogrammercanpreciselytracktheflowofdataand

6、executioninaprogram.Also,anotherbenefittolearningassembly,isthatonceaprogramhasbeencompiled,itisdifficult--ifnotimpossible--todecompilethecode.Thatmeansthatifyouwanttoexamineaprogramthatisalreadycompiled,youwillneedtoexamineitinassemblylanguage.Debuggersalsowillfrequentlyo

7、nlyshowtheprogramcodeinassemblylanguage.Ifnothingelse,itcanbebeneficialtolearntoreadassemblylanguage,ifnotwriteit.Assemblylanguageisalsothepreferredtool,ifnottheonlytoolavailableforimplementingsomelow-leveltasks,suchasbootloaders,andlow-levelkernelcomponents.Codewrittenina

8、ssemblyhaslessoverheadthancodewritteninhigh-levellanguages,soassemblycodefrequentlywillru