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1、视频字幕TheStoryofChina（5）1．TheLastEmpireI.ScriptIn1644,MingDynastyChina,thegreatestcivilizationintheworld,wentthroughadevastatingforeignconquest.TheChinesepeoplewerelefthauntedbydreamsoflostpeaceandvisionsofwar.TheinvaderswereManchusfromthenorth,peopletheChinesesawasbarbarians.TheMingEmpero
2、rcommittedsuicideandtheManchuarmiessweptsouth.WhenthecityofYangzhouresisted,itwasplunderedandburnedinaten-dayreignofterror.300,000peopledied.Afterwards,thewriterZhangDaivisitedtheWestLakeinHangzhou,onceChina’sparadiseonearth.Ashesailedalongtheshore,hewasshockedbytheaftermathofthefighting
3、.“IthoughtIwasinanightmare”,hesaid.Thelossseemedirretrievable…butChinahadbeenthroughsuchcataclysmsbeforeandwouldgothroughthemagain.Andbeingagreatandancientcivilization,thepeoplehadtheinnerresourcestorebuild.Andthat’swhathappenednext.TheManchuswereforeigners,non-Chinese,butitwastheywhowou
4、ldinstitutethenextrebuilding,andbecomingChineseintheprocess.AndtheywerethelastimperialdynastyofChina-theQing.THELASTEMPIRESo,China’slastempirewasforgedinwar.TheManchuconquesttook30years.Itclimaxedinthe1670s,inasavagestruggleinthesouth,whenthreegreatprovincesroseagainsttheManchusandtheirt
5、eenageemperor,Kangxi.“Thewarlastedeightyearsand,bytheend,theQinggovernmenthadhalfamilliontroopsfightinginthesewildmountainsofthesouthwest.Atthatmoment,Chinacouldhavefallenapart,butitdidn’t.ThewarwasthemakingofKangxiand,whenitendedin1681,hewas27andhewouldbecomethelongestruling,andsomewoul
6、dsay,thegreatestofalltheChineseemperors.”Forallitsglories,theMinghadendedasadecadent,brokenempire.Now,theforeignManchussetouttomakesurethatthemistakestheyhadmadewerenotrepeated.ThatthenewrulersofChinashouldbemenwithasobersenseofpublicdutyandKangxi,theuprightone,wassuchaman.Kangxiwasthefi
7、rstofthreegreatQingemperors-father,sonandgrandson,whoruledfor133years.TheybuiltChina’slargestempireandcreatedtheessentialshapeofChinatoday.YougetanideaoftheimmensesizeoftheQingempirewhenyouflyoutfromBeijingtoXinjianginthefarwest.Ittakessevenhours.Byroad,it’s2,700milesfrom
