TheoriesOfMigration-Geog-On2IB-home移民理论-geog-on2ib回家

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1、TheoriesOfMigrationIBSLModelsRavenstein’sLawsOfMigrationNewton’sGravityModelZelinsky’sModelOfMobilityTransitionClark’sModelOfMigrationDecisionLee’sInterveningObstaclesModelStouffer’sLawOfInterveningOpportunitiesActivity6theoriesofmigrationaregoingtobediscussed...Copythefollowingtable

2、andentertheStrengthsandWeaknessesforeachtheorythroughoutthediscussionofeach:TheoriesOfMigrationRavensteinNewtonZelinskyClarkLeeStoufferADRavenstein’sLawsOfMigrationEverymigrationflowgeneratesareturnorcountermigration.Themajorityofmigrantsmoveashortdistance.Migrantswhomovelongerdistan

3、cestendtochoosebig-citydestinationsUrbanresidentsareoftenlessmigratorythaninhabitantsofruralareas.Familiesarelesslikelytomakeinternationalmovesthanyoungadults.OtherInfluencesInclude:MigrationstagebystageMigrationandTechnologyEconomicconditionRavensteinMostmigrantstravelshortdistances

4、andtheirnumbersdecreaseasdistanceincreasesNewton"Anytwobodiesattractoneanotherwithaforcethatisproportionaltotheproductoftheirmassesandinverselyproportionaltothesquareofthedistancebetweenthem.“Whenusedgeographically,thewords'bodies'and'masses'arereplacedby'locations'and'importance'res

5、pectively,whereimportancecanbemeasuredintermsofpopulationnumbers,grossdomesticproduct,oranotherappropriatevariables.Thegravitymodelofmigrationisthereforebasedupontheideathatastheimportanceofoneorbothofthelocationincreases,therewillalsobeanincreaseinmovementbetweenthem.Thefartherapart

6、thetwolocationsare,however,themovementbetweenthemwillbeless.ZelinskyStage1oftheDTM:PreindustrializedeconomiesEconomiesthathavenotyetdevelopedaremadeupofruralcountriesandsubsistencefarmers.TherewillonlybeRural–Urbanmigrationbetweenthesettlements,ifatall,astherearefewurbanareas.Industr

7、ializingcountriesAscountriesstarttoindustrialize(UKinthe18th&19thcentury)thereisincreasedmigrationfromthecountrysidetothecitieswheretherewerebetterwagesandanincreaseinthestandardsofliving.Stage4oftheDTM:PostindustrialeconomiesAdvancedcountriesthatrelyontertiaryindustrymorethanseconda

8、ryindustrysh