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1、路由器故障诊断与排除常用命令，了解设置情况。1、show命令：分为全局系统命令、与接口相关命令、与协议相关命令。全局系统命令：Showversion：显示路由器本身以及所用的软件、硬件的基本信息。Router>Router>showversionBosonOperatingSimulationSoftwareBOSS(tm)C800Software(C800-Enterprise),Version12.1fRELEASESOFTOARECopyright(c)1998-2003byBosonSoftwarerInc.BOSSROM:SystemBootstraprVersion1
2、2.2,RELEASESOFTOARERout"UptimeIs0days#0hours,0minutesShowinterfaces显示路由器上配置的所有接口的状态Router#showinterfacesSerialOisadministrativelydownflineprotocolisdownHardwareisHD64570MTU1500bytes,BW1544Kbit,DLY1000usee,rely255/255,load1/255EncapsulatLionHDLC,loopk>acknotset,keepaliveset(10sec)Lastinput00:0
3、0:00Foutput00:00:00foutputhangneverLastclearingof"showinterface*1countersneverQueueingstrategy:tifoOutputqueue0/40r0drops;inputqueue0/75r0drops5minn-teinputrate1000k>its/sect2packets/sec5minuteoutputrate1000k>its/secf2packets/sea0packetsinpu0k>ytesf0nobufferReceived0broadcastsr0rantsz0giantsr
4、0throttles0inputerrors90CRCf0frame/0overranz0ignored,0at>ort0inputpacketswithdribbleconditiondetected.0packetsontputr0bytes，0underrnns0outputerrors,0collisions,0interfaceresetsShowinterface(接口名)显示指定接口状态Router#showinterfacese0SerialOisadministrativelydown,lineprotocolisdownHardwareisHD64570MTU
5、1500bytes,BW1544Kbit,DLY1000usecrrely255/255,load1/255EncapsulationHDLCrloopbacknotset.keepaliveset(10sec)Lastinput00:00:00,output00:00:00,outputhangneverLastclearingofshowinterfacecountersneverShowiproute显示路由选择表的当而状态Rl#showiprouteCodes:C一connectedrS一static^I一IGRP,R一RIPZM一mobilerB一BGPD-EIGRPf
6、EX-EIGRPexternalrO-OSPFrIA-OSPFinterareaEl-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2fE-EGPi一IS-IS,LI一IS-ISlevel-1fL2一IS-ISlevel-2f*一candidatedefaultU-per-userstatiurouteGatewayoflastresortisnotsetS192.168.2.0[1/0]via10.0.0.2C172.16.0.0isdirectlyconnectedrLoopbackOC10.0.0.0isdirectlyconnected,Ser
7、ialOC192.168.1.0isdirectlyconnected,EthernetOShowrunning-config显示RAM屮的当前配置信息R1#showrunning-configBuildingconfiguration...Version12.1servicetimestampsdebuguptimeservicetimestampsloguptimenoservicepassword-encryptionI■hostnameR1enablesecret5$sd
