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1、专八英译汉练习Exercise1Whenoneofhisemployeesphonedinsicklastyear,ScottMcDonald,CEOofMonumentSecurityinSacramento,Calif.,decidedtoinvestigate.Hehadalreadyinformedhisstaffof400securityguardsandpatroldriversthathewasinstallingXora,asoftwareprogramthattracksworkers*whereaboutsthroughGPStechn
2、ologyontheircompanycellphones・AWeb-based^geo-fence*1aroundworkterritorieswouldalertthebossifworkersstrayedorevendrovetoofast.Italsoenabledhimtorouteworkersmoreefficiently.SowhenMcDonaldloggedon,theprogramtoldhimexactlywherehisworkerwas—anditwasn*tinbedwiththesniffles.MHowcomeyouTe
3、eastboundon80headingtoRenorightnowifyou*resick?"askedtheboss・Therewasalongsilence-thesoundofajobending-followedby,"Yougotme."Learnthattruth,andlearnitwell:whatyoudoatworkistheboss'sbusiness・去年,美国加州萨克拉曼多MonumentSecurity公司有员工打电话进公司称病告假,公司总裁斯科特•麦当劳决定探真假。他己经告诉公司400名警卫和巡逻司机,他安装了Xora程序,
4、该软件程序能利用公司所配发乎机上的全球卫星定位系统(GPS)技术掌握员工的行踪。Xora利用网络沿着工作活动范围铺设了一圈“地理栅栏”,能够提醒老板员工跑出界,甚至车开得太快了。同时,Xora也能够让老板更有效地安排员工的行动路线。因此,当麦当劳登入系统后,程序就精确地告诉了他这名员工所在的位置一一结果发现,这名员工并没有卧病在床猛吸鼻涕。老板问道“既然生病,怎么你现在会在80号公路,往东向雷诺行驶呢?”电话那头沉默了好一阵子一一明白饭碗丢掉了的静默一一接着答道“被你抓到了”。要明白这个道理,并牢记在心:上班时的所作所为都屈于老板的管辖范围。Exercis
5、e2DeepBluebeatMr.KasparovusingtheUbruteforce^technique・Ratherthansearchforthebestmoveinagivenposition,thecomputerconsidersallwhitesmoves,andallblack'spossiblereplies,andallwhite*srepliestothosereplies,andsoonfor,say,adozenturns.Theresultingmapofpossiblemoveshasmillionsofbranches・T
6、hecomputercombsthroughthepossibleoutcomesandplaystheonemovethatwouldgiveitsopponentthefewestchancesofwinning.Unfortunately,bruteforcewillnotworkinGo.First,thegamehasmanymorepossiblepositionsthanchessdoes.Second,thenumberofpossiblemovesfromatypicalpositioninGoisabout200,comparedwit
7、haboutadozeninchess・Finally,evaluatingaGopositionisfiendishlydifficult.Thefastestprogramscanassessjust50positionsasecond.comparedwith500,000inchess.深蓝打败卡斯帕罗夫所用的是“暴力破解”技术。与人类寻找最佳棋路的做法不同,计算机考虑所有的白棋棋路以及黑棋所有可能的回应,然后是所有白棋对此回应作出的回应,依此类推十二个回合。可行的棋路图有上百万分支。计算机会从中选出最好的棋路来走,给其对手留下最小的获胜几率。然而
8、不幸的是,暴力破解在围棋中将无法发挥其作用。首先,围棋可能的棋位远