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1、Lesson1TextCivilEngineeringNewWordsandPhrases1.predominate统治，支配v.intr.Tohaveorgaincontrollingpowerorinfluence;prevail:Goodpredominatesoverevilinmanyliteraryworks.Tobeoforhavegreaterquantityorimportance;preponderate:French-speakingpeoplepredominateinQuebec....Predomin
2、ant;Predominantly;PredominanceDeadloadpredominatesinthedesign.2.Geotechnical岩土工程的Geology,Geography，geotechnics土工学;地质技术学；geotechnique土工学3.SpecificationSpecify指定,详细说明;specifytheseismicload.Specifytheboundaryconditionsspecific明确的；specifically特定地，明确地4.Surpervise监督,管理,指导s
3、urperviseadesign;surpervision5.subcontractor转包商，次承包者contract,contractor,contract,expand6.hurricane飓风AseveretropicalcycloneoriginatingintheequatorialregionsoftheAtlanticOceanorCaribbeanSea,travelingnorth,northwest,ornortheastfromitspointoforigin,andusuallyinvolvinghea
4、vyrains.TyphoonAtropicalcycloneoccurringinthewesternPacificorIndianoceans.Tornado龙卷风，陆龙卷：Arotatingcolumnofairusuallyaccompaniedbyafunnel-shapeddownwardextensionofacumulonimbuscloudandhavingavortexseveralhundredyardsindiameterwhirlingdestructivelyatspeedsofupto500mile
5、s(800kilometers)perhour.18AviolentthunderstorminwesternAfricaornearbyAtlanticwaters1.asphalt沥青Abrownish-blacksolidorsemisolidmixtureofbitumensobtainedfromnativedepositsorasapetroleumbyproduct,usedinpaving,roofing,andwaterproofing.asphaltconcrete沥青混凝土;地沥青混凝土bitumendam
6、p-proofcourse沥青防潮层Anyofvariousflammablemixturesofhydrocarbonsandothersubstances,occurringnaturallyorobtainedbydistillationfromcoalorpetroleum,thatareacomponentofasphaltandtarandareusedforsurfacingroadsandforwaterproofing.2.a`luminum3.runoffRainfallnotabsorbedbysoil.径
7、流：未被土壤吸收的降雨;runoffandsoilloss径流和土壤流失;径流和土壤流失Anextracompetitionheldtobreakatie.决赛：打平手者之间另加的比赛4.locklockanddam闸坝;lockandweir闸坝;lockapproach船闸引航道5.fillfillandcut;backfill6.scrubberscrub洗擦，使空气净化13．Incinerationincinerate;incinerator14.toxictoxicgasses;poisonous15.combusti
8、blecombustioncombustionengine燃烧发动机;内燃机;combust16.rampAninclinedsurfaceorroadwayconnectingdifferentlevels.斜面，斜坡：倾斜的表面或道路，连接着不同的高度ram
