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1、直接引语和间接引语DirectandIndirectSpeechWhatdidshesay?Shesaidthatshecouldn’tfindhercat.Ican’tfindmycat.结论一直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用连词that引导宾语从句.从句中的人称,时态,指示代词,时间状语,地点状语等相应变化.口诀说明直接引语间接引语1、人称的变化一随主二随宾第三人称不变引号内的第一人称变间引后与主句主语的人称保持一致引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致引号内的第三人称在变间引后人称不变Shesaid
2、,“IlikeTennis.”Shesaidthatshelikedtennis.HesaidtoLily,“youmustgetupearly.”HetoldLilythatshemustgetupearly.Shesaidtome,“Theywanttohelphim.”Shetoldmethattheywantedtohelphim.一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般过去时过去完成时现在完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时Theteachersaid,“T
3、hesunisbiggerthantheearth.”Theteachersaidthatthesunisbiggerthantheearth.特殊:直接引语若是客观真理,变为间接引语时,时态不变.2、时态的变化由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变:1.不变的真理Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Waterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0℃.”→Theteachertoldthestudentsthatwaterfreezeswhenthetemp
4、eraturefallsbelow0℃.2.经常的习惯：Hesaidtothedoctor,“Ismoketwopackseveryday.”→Hetoldthedoctorthathesmokestwopackseveryday.3.历史事件：Theteachersaid,“WorldWarⅡendedin1945.”→TheteachersaidthatWorldWarⅡendedin1945.4.部分情态动词保持不变,如must,should,oughtto,usedto,hadbetter等：Shesaidt
5、ome:“Youmusthurryup.”→ShesaidthatImusthurryup.5.当引述动词为现在时Shesays,“I’llneverforgetit.”Shesaysthatshe’llneverforgetit.时态变化总结：不变的真理经常的习惯历史事件部分情态动词当引述动词为现在时由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列代词、形容词、副词、动词等可能要变化直接引语间接引语thisthesenowagotodaytomorrowthatthosethenbeforethatdaythenext/follow
6、ingday直接引语间接引语thedayaftertomorrowyesterdaylastnightthedaybeforeyesterdaycomebringhereintwodays’timethedaybeforethenightbeforetwodaysbefore/earliergobring/takethereWhatdidshesay?Sheaskedif/whethershecouldhaveanothericecream.CanIhaveanothericecream?Whatdidshesay?
7、Sheaskedwhenherdadwouldtakehertothezoo.WhenwillmyDadtakemetothezoo?1.Shesaidthatshecouldn’tfindhercat.2.Sheaskedif/whethershecouldhaveanothericecream.3.Sheaskedwhenherdadwouldtakehertothezoo.结论二直接引语是陈述句，变间接引语时，要用连词that连接。直接引语是疑问句，变间接引语时，要从疑问语序变为陈述语序。直接引语是一般疑问句,
8、变为间接引语时,用连词if或whether连接。直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。宾语从句：Ihavetoldyouthatifthecameraisbroken,youwillhavetopaytogetitrepaired.2.Areyouafraidthatyourfriendwouldlaughatyo
