VISION2020视觉

《VISION2020视觉》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、KovinNaidooICEEAfricaDirectorAFCOVice-PresidentOptometryaspartofVision2020:globalperspectiveGlobalInitiativetoEliminateAvoidableBlindnessbytheYear2020WorldHealthOrganisation-IAPBPresentestimation:45millionpeopleblind+135millionvisuallydisabledPresentsituationLowVisionBlind<6/18-3/60

2、<0.3-0.05<3/60<0.05BestcorrectedVAInternationalclassificationignorestheburdenofuncorrectedrefractiveerrorWorldPrevalenceofBlindness0.4-0.60.6-1>1%<0.4%Prevalences:PrevalenceofBlindness90%+liveinunderprivilegedcommunitiesThe‘blindness’rateinmanydevelopingcountries,especiallyinAfrica,

3、is7timeshigher,at1.4%,thanindevelopedcountriesGenderisanothermajorissueGlobalDistributionofBlindnessbyCauseCataract42%Trachoma15%Glaucoma14%Oncho.1%Other28%MaculardegenerationDiabeticretinopathy+Refractiveerrors(uncorrected)Presentsituation80%ofblindnessisavoidablepreventableorcurab

4、leLeadingCausesofPreventableBlindness:CataractTrachomaOnchoceriasisChildhoodBlindnessRefractiveError&LowVisionVISION2020Vision2020willstrivetomakerefractiveservicesandcorrectivespectaclesaffordableandavailabletothemajorityofthepopulationthroughprimaryhealthcarefacilities,visionscr

5、eeninginschoolsandlow-costproductionofspectacles.Similarstrategieswillbeadoptedtoprovidelowvisionservices.GlobalestimatesMagnitudeofrefractiveerrorsnotreliablyknownLargeglobalvariationinprevalence(byage,gender,andrace)Estimated:2.3billionpeoplehaverefractiveerror1.8billionhaveaccess

6、torefractiveservices500milliondonothaveaccesstoservicesSthAfrica1.0%RE:10%Cook,1992(n=268)China4.4%DuetoRE:10%ShaozhenLi,1999(n=5342)Australia0.15%DuetoRE:25%Taylor,1997(n=3268)India2.5%DuetoRE:9.6%Dandona,1998(n=2522)SaudiArabia0.7%RE:5.3%AlFaran,1993(n=2882)10%+ofWorldBlindne

7、ssBlindnessDueToUncorrectedRefractiveErrors(<3/60)DifficultieswithCurrentDataNon-uniformdefinitionsacrossstudiesNon-representativestudypopulations(convenienceratherthanpopulation-based)Dissimilardemographicsofstudypopulation(ageandsex)Refractionproceduresaredifferent(with/withoutcyc

8、loplegiaetc)Negrel,