Figures of Speech2

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1、FiguresofSpeechTheexpressionsinlanguagethatareusedoutoftheirliteralmeaningsoroutoftheirordinaryuseinordertoaddbeautyoremotionalintensityortoachievecertaineffects.1.Simile:anexplicitcomparisonbetweentwodifferentthingsthatyethavesomethingincommon,andthecomparisonisindicatedbythewordasorlike.e.gTheold

2、man’shairisaswhiteassnow.Thatmancan’tbetrusted.He’sasslipperyasaneel.A  RedRedRoseRobertBurnsO,myloveislikeared,redrose,That’snewlyspringinJune.O,myloveislikethemelody,That’ssweetlyplayedintune幸福像花儿一样开放。中国共产党像太阳,它的光辉照亮了我的心。2.Metaphor:animpliedcomparisonbetweentwodifferentthingsthatyethavesomethi

3、ngincommon,notexpressedwiththewordasorlike,butsometimes“be”or“become”e.gHeisafox.Johnisthesouloftheteam.Irrigationisthelifebloodofagriculture.困难是弹簧，你软它就强。大王庄这个阵地成为一颗锐利的铁钉，牢牢地钉进了黄维兵团的脑门心。3.Metonymy:substitutingthenameofonethingforthatofanotherwithwhichitiscloselyassociated.Thusthecrowncanstandforthe

4、king,andtheWhiteHousefortheAmericangovernment.e.gHispursewouldnotallowhimthatluxury.Thekettleisboiling.That’sapoembyanunknownpen.4.Synecdoche:apartissubstitutedforthewhole,orthewholeissubstitutedforthepart.e.gManyhandsprovidegreatstrength.Hehadtoearnhisdailybreadbydoingoddjobs.GermanybeatArgentina2

5、to1inthisexcitingfootballgame.Thepoorcreaturecouldnolongerendurehersufferings.不拿群众一针一线花白胡子坐在墙角里吸旱烟。5.Personification:totreatathingoranideaasifitwerehumanorhadhumanqualities.e.gYouthishotandboldAgeisweakandcoldYouthiswild,andAgeistame.----WilliamShakespeare春蚕到死丝方尽，蜡炬成灰泪始干。6.Pun(Omitted)1)Antanaclasi

6、s(换义双关)2)Paronomasia(谐音双关)3)Syllepsis(轭语双关)7.Irony:theuseofwordswhichareclearlyoppositetowhatismeant,inordertoachieveaspecialeffect.e.gWhatfineweatherforanouting.(Ifyouhavebeenplanningtogooutonthatday,andwhenthatdaycomes,youfinditisraining.)"友邦人士"从此可以不必"惊诧莫名",只请放心来瓜分就是了。8.oxymoron:theyokingoftwoter

7、msthatareapparentlycontradictory.e.gShereadthelong-awaitedletterwithatearfulsmile.Whenthenewsofthefailurecame,allhisfriendssaidthatwasavictoriousdefeat.9.Overstatement(hyperbole):theuseofwordsthatexaggerate