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1、1HUMORANDSOCIOLOGYbyDonL.F.NilsenandAlleenPaceNilsen“He’sreallyahumorist…Buthe’stryingtogivehumormorerespectabilityonuniversitycampuses.”Talkaboutthisideainrelationtowhatscholarssayarethesocialfunctionsofhumor.MeaningMakingHierarchyBuildingCohesionBuildingTensionReliefAretheseideasthesa
2、meforuniversitiesastheyareforotherinstitutions(business,church,military)?Doesitdependonwhatpartoftheuniversityyouarethinkingof?23HumorasaSocialSystemGiselindeKuipershaspointedoutthatHumornotonly‘breakstheice’betweenstrangers,butunitespeopleindifferenthierarchicalpositions.Itcreatesasens
3、eofshared‘conspiracy’inthecontextofillicitactivitieslikegossipingorjokingaboutsuperiors.Theflipsideofthisinclusivefunctionisexclusion.Thosewhodonotjoininthelaughter,becausetheydonotgetthejoke,orevenworse,becausethejoketargetsthem,willfeelleftout,shamed,orridiculed.HumorasaSocialSystem(C
4、ontinued)“Jokingrelationships…manifestaconsciousnessofgroupidentityorsolidarity.”(MahadevApte)Jokingpromotescommunitiesoverhierarchyandrevealsambiguitiesinthefabricofsociety.Jokesareanti-ritesthatsubvertthenormativesocialorder,theorderusuallyvalidatedandmaintainedbyreligiousandcivicritu
5、al.(MaryDouglas)“Oneneverlaughsalone—laughterisalwaysthelaughterofaparticularsocialgroup.”(DavidViktoroff)4TheTheoryofSocialControlSometheoristssuggestthatinclose-knitcommunities,humorisasocialcorrective,linkedwithembarrassment.Theyarguethatridiculeisnota“detachablenegative,”butinsteadl
6、iesattheheartofhumor.ThisgoesbacktothebeliefsofHenriBergson,whocalledhumora“socialcorrective…intendedtohumiliate.”Bergsondidnotbelieveingroup-createdhumor.Insteadofinteraction,hedefinedhumorasone-sided:thosewholaughandthosewhoarelaughedat.5Fromanoppositeviewpoint,hascomeasetof“HumaneHum
7、orRules.”Donottargetanattributethatcannotbechanged.Targetyourself,i.e.useself-deprecatinghumor.Targetyourownethnicgrouporgender,butnootherethnicgrouporgender.Nevertargetthevictim.Alwaystargetastrengthsothatitempowersratherthanhumiliatesthetarget.TALKABOUTTHESE“RULES”WITHEXAMPLE
