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1、GRE阅读笔记一.GRE阅读文章分类1..按题材分四类:humanities,socialsciences,naturalsciences,lifesciences重点题材:文学评论美国历史弱势群体生命科学文章特点:喜新厌旧标新立异同情弱者2.按写作方法分两类:presentation,argumentation重点是argumentation即评述一个理论的文章[例1]presentation的结构Recently,theextinctionofthedinosaurhasbeenamysteriousphenomenontha
2、tpuzzlesscientists.Rosen’sthreemajorfindingshavecontributedmuchtotheprogressofexplainingthedinosaur’sextinction.a)sedimentationb)fossilremains,skeletonc)isotope,chronologyTherefore,……[例2]argumentation的结构Traditionally,mostscientistsbelievedthattheextinctionofthedinosau
3、rwascausedbytheimpactonEarthofmassivemeteorites.However,nosignoftheimpact,suchashugepit,hasbeendiscovered.Ontheotherhand,Smithfoundtwothingsthathadbeenoverlookedbyhispredecessors.Thus,……3.按具体套路分类长文章分四种:新老观点对比型、现象解释型、问题解决型、结论解释性短文章分三种情况:可套用长文章套路的、有罗嗦语言的、无明显套路的二.作题四原则1.
4、至少三遍原则2.头脑空白原则3.顺序原则:先文后题,先套路后细节4.总结原则:每读完一个段落或一个层次要做如下四个方面总结作者在写法上做了什么工作主体词(关键词)是什么作者对这个主体持什么评价人物有谁三.做笔记1.机考做笔记主题句每段关键词强对比和重要的强转折2.笔考做记号强对比:unlike,contrast,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary;时间状语强转折两个“虽然”:although/though,while三个“但是”:but,yet,however四对同义词:(infact,actually)(n
5、evertheless,nonetheless)(despite,inspiteof)(rather,instead)实际上……然而……尽管……却……不是……而是……注意:极端转折、多重转折(再多重转折中,只看最后一重)强因果四个“因为”:because(of),since,for,冒号或分号三个“所以”:thus,hence,therefore两个家族:conclude,conclusion,conclusive,consequent(ly),consequence四个短语:resultin,resultfrom,leadto,
6、liein三号:引号,括号,破折号强调性语言最高级:顺序最高级(first)频率最高级(always,never)程度最高级(foremost,uttermost)唯一性:only,sole(ly),exclusive(ly),alone比较句:more/less…than(与其……不如说……),have…todowith…,as…as,thesameas,similarto专有名词:人,物种,化学物质判断句系动词:be,remain情态动词:can,cannot,may,might自由褒贬词:adj.,adv.[例3]Hisvi
7、ewchangedourattitude.Hisviewsuccessfullychangedourattitude.Hisviewcuriouslychangedourattitude.Hisbrazenviewchangedourattitude.Hispenetratingviewchangedourattitude.专题一客观题型(一)基本题型1.直接事实题同义变换的两种形式:换同义词,换句型[例4]Thehistorianshavebroadenedtheconventionalviewofnineteenth-cent
8、uryfeminism.→Thehistorianshaveexpandedthetraditionalviewofnineteenth-centuryfeminism.[例5]Theminoritygroupslackaccesstothesiz