Chapter02 Cognitive Develop

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1、CognitiveDevelopmentChapterTwoTheBigPictureWhydochildrenseemtostruggleatcertainlevelformonths,andthenshowabigjumpinperformanceoveracoupleofweeks?Whatcanteachersdotohastenthesejumpsinperformance?Whydosomechildrenatacertainagepickupskillseasilywhileothersw

2、orkhardbutjustdonotgetit?Whydochildrenwhohavepickedupaskillinoneareahavetroubledoingsimilartasksinotherareas?CognitiveDevelopment:ConceptsforTeachingMaturationVersusLearningMaturation-anyrelativelypermanentchangethatoccursasaresultofbiologicalaging.Lear

3、ning-anyrelativelypermanentchangeinthoughtorbehaviorthatoccursasaresultofexperience.CognitiveDevelopment:ConceptsforTeachingCanalization:AKeytoTeachingReferstotheextenttowhichabehaviororanunderlyingabilitydevelopswithoutrespecttotheenvironment.Exampless

4、trong-perceptualabilities,simplememoryabilitiesweak-interpersonalskillsTeacherstypicallyhavethegreatestimpactonweaklycanalizedskills.CognitiveDevelopment:ConceptsforTeachingContinuousVersusStagelikecognitivedevelopment.CognitiveDevelopment:ConceptsforT

5、eachingDomain-GeneralVersusDomain-SpecificCognitiveDevelopmentDomain-General-developmentoccursmoreorlesssimultaneouslyinmultipleareas.Domain-Specific-developmentoccursatdifferentratesindifferentareas.Example-ThrowingskillsamongLittleLeaguebaseballplayers

6、.Piaget’sStageTheoryofCognitiveDevelopmentJeanPiaget(1896-1980)ASwissPsychologistcreditedwithoneofthemostinfluentialtheoriesofcognitivedevelopment.StageTheoryHorizontalDecalagePiaget’sStageTheoryofCognitiveDevelopmentMechanismsofCognitiveDevelopmentEquil

7、ibrationVersusDisequilibriumHowdoesachildachieveequilibration?ChangingschemesAssimilationAccommodationAssimilationandAccommodationPiaget’sStageTheoryofCognitiveDevelopmentStagesofCognitiveDevelopmentSensorimotorPreoperationalConcreteOperationalFormalOper

8、ationalSensorimotorStageBirth-Age2ObjectPermanenceRepresentationalThoughtPreoperationalStageAge2-7LanguageDevelopmentEgocentrismConcreteOperationalStageAge7-12RepresentationalThoughtConservationReversibleThinkingFormalOper