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1、液相微萃取研究与应用摘要液相微萃取是近年来新兴的一种微型化样品前处理技术。该技术集萃取、净化、浓缩于一体，具有溶剂耗量少、成本低廉、操作便捷、精确和灵敏度高的特点。木文全面深入地综述了液相微萃取的各种工作模式及其原理和特点,阐述了相关的联用分析技术和方法的适用性,归纳和分析了影响萃取的主要影响因素及优化的方法，突出了上述几方面中具有发展潜力的新进展,包括各种动态萃取模式与装置、与其他技术联用的新策略、离子液体作为萃取溶剂等,详细总结了近年来液相微萃取技术在环境、药物和食品等分析领域中的应用情况。关键词液相微萃取样品前处理萃取技术AdvancesinLiqu
2、id2PhaseMicroextractionAbstractLiquid2phascmicrocxtraction(LPME)isancwlydevelopedminiaturizedsamplepretreatmenttechnique.Itintegratesextraction,clean2upandconcentrationandhasmanyadvantages,suchas、usinglesssolvent,lowcost,convenience,goodaccuracyandhighsensitivity.Tnthispapertheope
3、rationpatternsofLPME,aswel1astheirprinciplesemdfcaturesarccomprchcnsivclyreviewed.ThehyphenatedmethodsrelatedtoLPMEandtheirapplicabilitiesarediscussed.ThemainfactorsinfluencingLPMEandtheoptimizationmethodsaresummarized.Andtheresearchadvanceswithfurtherpotentialsinaboveaspectsareem
4、phasized,includin百thenewdynamicLPMEmodesandapparatus,newstrategiesofcombinationwithothertcchniqucs,andusingionicliquidsassolvents,etc.TherecentapplicationsofLPMEinenvironment,medicineandfoodanalysisaredescribedindetail.Keywordsliquid2phasemicroextraction;samplepretreatmentextracti
5、ontechniquesContents1Introduction2Basicextractionpatternsandprinciples2.1Single2dropmicroextraction(SDME)2.2Hollowfiber1iquid2phasemicroextraction(HF2LPME)2.3Continuous2flowmicrocxtraction(CFME)2.4Dispersiveliquid21iquidmicroextraction(DLLME)3LPMEcoupledwithothertechniques3.1Coupl
6、edwithderivatization3.2Coupledwithpressuredhotwaterextraction3.3Coupledwithonalyticalinstrumcnts44.4.4.4.5ParametersaffectingLPMEEffectofextractionsolventEffectofextractiontemperatureEffectofsaltandpHEffectofstirringspeedApplicationofLPME5.1Environmentalanalysis5.2Medicineanalysis
7、5.3Foodernalysis6Conclusion］弓［言随着分析化学研究的发展，对样詁前处理技术的要求越来越高。传统的样詁前处理技术主要为液2液萃取，操作繁琐费时，且需耗用人量冇毒性的冇机溶剂，难以实现口动化。为了弥补这些缺点，近年來又发展了若干种少溶剂或无溶剂的萃取技术，如固相微萃取技术(solid2phasemicroextraction,SPME)［1］，膜萃取(membraneextraction,ME)［2］,液相微萃取技术(liquid2phasemicroextraction,LPME)［3］等。液相微萃取技术^Jeannot等［3］在
8、1996年提出，它在液2液萃取(LLE)基础上发展起來,结合了LL
