【原版杂志阅读】day-16：《the-economist》cyber-security

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1、Day16:Cyber-security讲义Cyber-securityTheinternetofstingsAnelectronictsunamicrashesdownona solitary journalistTOAlayman,thephrase“InternetofThings”(IoT)probablyconjuresupahalf-fantasticfutureinwhichrefrigeratorsmonitortheirowncontentsandsendordersdirecttothegrocerwhent

2、hebutterisrunningout,whiletiredcommutersorderbathstobedrawnautomaticallyusingtheirsmartphonesastheyapproachtheirhousesintheirself-drivingcars.Actually,though,aversionoftheIoTisalreadyhere.Wi-Fihubs,smarttelevisions,digitalvideo-recordersandthelikeareallpartofanetwork

3、ofdevicesrunbymicroprocessorsthat,justasmuchasdesktop,laptopandtabletcomputers,formpartoftheinternet—butwithone crucialdistinction.Unlikethingsimmediatelyrecognisableascomputers,thesedevicesareoftendesignedwithpoorsecurity,orevennoneatall.Theyarewideopento malicious 

4、hackerswhomightwishtomisusethem.Andtherearealreadyaround5billionofthem,accordingtoCisco,theworld’slargestcomputer-networkingcompany,withbillionsmoretocomeintheyearsahead.Onefavouritetrickofsuchhackersisthedistributeddenialofserviceattack,orDDoS.Thistemporarilyenslave

5、sanumberofinternet-enableddevicesintoanarrangementknownasabotnet,andthendirectsthisnettosend simultaneous requestsforattentiontoasinglemachineorclusterofmachines,thusoverwhelmingitandmakingitunusable.Suchattacksmaybecarriedoutbyorganisedcriminals,toholdafirmtoransom;

6、bycyber-savvycountries,asatooloflow-levelwarfare—or,asinthecaseofoneofthelatestattacks,for revenge.一、 词汇部分1.solitary/ˈsɑː.lə.ter.i/adj.单独的英文释义：Asolitary person orthingistheonly person orthingina place:·词汇助记：1）词根：sol-单独；2）词根：-it走3）后缀：-ary形容词后缀4）扩展：solar太阳的（solarsystem

7、/energy）5）扩展：solituden.孤独2.crucialdistinctionn.关键区别·词汇助记：1）词根：cruc-十字，交叉2）词根：stinct-刺3）扩展：instinct本能3.malicious/məˈlɪʃ.əs/adj.恶意的英文释义：intendedtocausedamagetoacomputersystem,ortostealprivateinformationfromacomputersystem;·词汇助记：1)前缀：mal-坏2)后缀：ice名词后缀： 3)后缀：-ous形容词后缀4.s

8、imultaneous/ˌsaɪ.məlˈteɪ.ni.əs/adj.同时的英文释义：happening orbeingdoneat exactly thesame time:·词汇助记：1）词根:simul-相同，类似2）词素：tane-表示time时间3）后