小额信贷与经济增长——以印度为例【外文翻译】

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1、外文翻译原文MicrofinanceandEconomicGrowth–ReflectionsonIndianExperienceMaterialSource:Source:NewPartnershipsforInnovationinMicrofinance2009,Part1,81-84Author:K.V.KamathIntroductionAchievingbalancedandinclusiveeconomicgrowthisakeychallengefacedbypolicymakersincountriesaroundtheworld.Thegainso

2、feconomicgrowthareaccessibletoagreaterextentbytherelativelyadvantaged,whofinditeasiertoparticipateinthegrowthprocess.Poorerpeople,whoareseparatedbydistancefromtheurbanareaswhereeconomicactivityisconcentrated,havetowaitmuchlongertoreapthebenefitsofeconomicgrowth.Engagingthesesectionsofs

3、ocietyintheeconomicmainstreamisessentialtoachievebalancedgrowth,whichiscriticalforthelong-termsustainabilityofsocialdevelopmentandeconomicprosperity.Accesstofinancialservicesisakeyelementoftheprocessofsocio-economicempowerment.Onlybydeliveringfinancialservicestopeopleinruralareasandlow

4、erincomestratacantheybebroughtwithintheambitofeconomicactivity.Onlythencanthefullpotentialofthecountry’sphysicalandhumanresourcesberealised.Theruraleconomyrepresentsalargelatentdemandforcredit,savingsandriskmitigationproductslikeinsurance.Governmentsandregulatorstheworldoverhavearticul

5、atedtheexpansionoffinancialservicedeliverytothissegmentofthepopulationasapriorityobjective.TheImportanceofFinancialServicesThedeliveryoffinancialservicestolowerincomehouseholdsinruralareas,however,presentsauniquesetofchallenges.Thiscustomersegmenthasahighvolumeoflowvaluetransactionsand

6、requiresdoorstepservices,flexibilityintimingaswellassimpleproceduresanddocumentation.Theserequireasetofskillscompletelydifferentfromthosedeployedbymainstreamfinancialintermediaries.Atthesametime,traditionalmodesofoutreach,likephysicalbranchnetworks,provetobeinappropriatebecauseoftheirh

7、ighcosts.Microfinanceisamodelwhichseekstoprovidefinancialservicestotheruralpopulationinaviableandsustainablemanner.MicrofinanceMicrofinanceencompassestheprovisionofabroadrangeofservicessuchasdeposits,loans,paymentservices,moneytransfersandinsuranceproductstopoorandlow-incomehousehold