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1、外文翻译原文PrintingProcessesMaterialSource:http://springer.lib.tsinghua.edu.cn/content/u10j303213g520p0/Author:IanGibson；DavidW.RosenPrintingtechnologyhasbeenextensivelyinvestigated,withthemajorityofthatinvestigationhistoricallybaseduponapplicationstothetwo-dimensionalprintingind
2、ustry.Recently,however,ithasspreadtonumerousnewapplicationareas,includingelectronicspackaging,optics,andadditivemanufacturing.Someoftheseapplications,infact,haveliterallytakenthetechnologyintoanewdimension.Theemploymentofprintingtechnologiesinthecreationofthree-dimensionalpr
3、oductshasquicklybecomeanextremelypromisingmanufacturingpractice,bothwidelystudiedandincreasinglywidelyused.Thischapterwillsummarizetheprintingachievementsmadeintheadditivemanufacturingindustryandinacademia.Thedevelopmentofprintingasaprocesstofabricate3Dpartsissummarized,foll
4、owedbyasurveyofcommercialpolymerprintingmachines.Bothdirectpartprintingandbinderprintingtechnologiesareintroduced.Directprintingreferstoprocesseswhereallofthepartmaterialisdispensedfromaprinthead,whilebinderprintingreferstoabroadclassofprocesseswherebinderorotheradditiveispr
5、intedontoapowderbedwhichformsthebulkofthepart.Someofthetechnicalchallengesofprintingareintroduced;materialdevelopmentforprintingpolymers,metals,andceramicsisinvestigatedinsomedetail.Fromthetopicofpureprintingtechnologies,wemovetothethree-dimensionalbinderprintingprocess,wher
6、ebinderisprintedintoapowderbedtoformapart.7.1EvolutionofPrintingasanAdditiveManufacturingProcessTwodimensionalinkjetprintinghasbeeninexistencesincethe1960s,usedfordecadesasamethodofprintingdocumentsandimagesfromcomputersandotherdigitaldevices.Inkjetprintingisnowwidelyusedint
7、hedesktopprintingindustry,commercializedbycompaniessuchasHPandCanon.Le[1]providesathoroughreviewofthehistoricaldevelopmentoftheinkjetprintingindustry.7.1.1HistoricalDevelopmentof3DPrintingPrintingasathree-dimensionalbuildingmethodwasfirstdemonstratedinthe1980swithpatentsrela
8、tedtothedevelopmentofBallisticParticleManufacturing,whichinvolvedsimpledepo
