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1、水性聚氨酯的性能研究专业纺织工程学生姓名班级学号指导教师完成日期水性聚氨酯的性能研究摘要：水性聚氨酯是指用水作介质代替有机溶剂的一种聚氨酯体系。它具有不污染坏境、不易燃、气味小、分子量大而粘度相对较低、易加工、节能、有光泽、高度耐磨、粘接力强等优点，可广泛地用于涂覆、浸渍、粘接各种纺织品等各种材料基质。主要研究影响水性聚氨酯性能的因素，通过二氧化硅改性前后对水性聚氨酯溶液和水性聚氨酯膜进行各项性能测试來研究其各项物理性能。将二氧化硅改性前后的水性聚氨酯溶液分成两大组，然后调配出浓度为1OOg/L、110g/L、120g/L的水性聚氨酯溶液，并测试其粘度和表面张力；然后将溶液分别在25°C、50
2、°C和80°C下成膜，并测试其接触角、透湿性、吸水率、机械拉伸、红外分析和热重。结果显示，经过二氧化硅改性之后的水性聚氨酯在物理性能上有了很大的改善，首先是溶液的表面张力变小，再次是膜的测试反映出二氧化硅的改性使得膜的表面性能改善，透湿性增强，吸水性下降，拉伸性能得到很高的改善，同时提高了水性聚氨酯的耐热性。关键词：水性聚氨酯；浓度；膜；性能StudyOnPropertiesOfWaterbornePolyurethaneAbstract：Waterbornepolyurethane(WPU)referstowaterastheaqueouspolyurethaneinsteadoftheor
3、ganicsolventmediumofanewpolyurethanesystem.Ithasnopollution,non-flammable,lowodor,highmolecularweightandrelativelylowviscosity,easyprocessing,energy,shiny,highlywear-resistant,strongadhesion,etc.,canbewidelyusedincoating,dipping,stickythenallkindsofmaterialmatrixofvarioustextiles.Themainfactorsthati
4、nfluencetheperformanceofwaterbornepolyurethane,throughthefrontandrearofsilicamodifiedaqueouspolyurethanesolutionandanaqueouspolyurethanefilmtotheperformanceofteststostudyitsphysicalproperties.Theaqueouspolyurethanesolutionbeforeandaftermodificationofsilicondioxidedividedintotwogroups,andthendeployac
5、oncentrationoflOOg/L,llOg/L?120g/Laqueouspolyurethanesolutionandtestedforitsviscosityandsurfacetension;Thesolutionwasthenseparatelyatdifferenttemperatureduringdeposition,andtestthecontactangle,moisturepermeability,waterabsorption,mechanicaldrawing,infraredandthermalgravimetricanalysis.Theresultsshow
6、thattheaqueouspolyurethanethroughsilicaaftermodificationwiththegreatimprovementofthephysicalproperties,thefirstsolutiononthesurfacetensionissmaller,againreflectingthesilicondioxidefilmisatestofthemodifiedsuchthatthemembranesurfaceperformanceimprovement,enhancedmoisturepermeability,waterabsorptiondec
7、reasedtoobtainahightensilepropertiesimproved,whileimprovingtheheatresistanceoftheaqueouspolyurethane.Keywords：waterbornepolyurethane;concentration;membrane;performance摘要IIAbstractIll1绪论11.1研究目的和意义11.2
