泵-管路系统的汽蚀自激振荡特性分析

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1、第41卷第5期火箭推进V01．41．№．52015年10月JOURNALOFROCKETPROPULSIONOct．2015泵一管路系统的汽蚀自激振荡特性分析严俊峰，陈晖，逯婉若(西安航天动力研究所，陕西西安710100)摘要：在带诱导轮离心泵试验中，当泵流量很小时，泵进出口压力均出现了幅值未发生衰减的低频振荡，这与高速离心泵的频率特征形成对比，表明泵一管路系统内发生了自激振荡。泵在小流量下工作时，会出现与主流区强烈作用的回流区，该反向回流在诱导轮叶片工作面上形成漩涡并随诱导轮一起旋转，引起主流液体的静压降低及空泡体积的周期性变化，由此产生了汽蚀

2、自激振荡。利用空泡动力学模型对低频汽蚀自激振荡特性进行计算，得到了带诱导轮离心泵一管路系统的振荡频率、进口压力及流量的动态特性、流量一进口压力极限环等。结果表明，计算的汽蚀自激振荡特性与试验值接近，汽蚀自激振荡数学模型合理可行；泵转速及进口管长度越小，泵进口压力和流量越大，汽蚀自激振荡的频率就越大。关键词：离心泵；管路系统；汽蚀自激振荡；动态特性；极限环中图分类号：V434—34文献标识码：A文章编号：1672—9374(2015)05—0029—05Analysisoncharacteristicsofself-excitedcavitatio

3、noscillationinpump--pipingsystemYANJunfeng，CHENHui，LUWanruo(Xi’anAerospacePropulsionInstitute，Xi’an710100，China)Abstract：Thelowfrequencyoscillationofinletpressureandoutletpressureoccurredinaninducer—centrifugalpumptestwhenflowinthepumpwassmall，whichcontrastswiththefrequencych

4、aracteristicsofhighspeedcentrifugalpump．Thisindicatesthattheself-excitedoscillationoccursinthepump—pipingsystem．Whenthepumpisoperatingatoff-designconditions，thebackflowzoneintensivelyinteractingwithmainflowzonemayappear．Thisbackflowisrotatedwiththeinducer，whichwilldecreasethe

5、staticpressureofthemainstreamliquidandresultinaperiodicalchangeofthephysalidesvolume，andthentheself-excitedcavitationoscillationOCCURS．Inordertoanalyzethecharacteristicsoftheself-excitedcavitationoscillation，anovelcavitationdynamicmodelispresentedtosimulatethedynamiccharacter

6、istictocapturetheoscillationfrequencyinthepump—pipingsystem，thedynamiccharacteristicsofinletpressureandflowrate，andthelimitcycleofflowrateversusinletpressure．Theresultsofnumericalexperimentsindicatethatthecalculatedcharacteristicsof收稿日期：2015—04—23；修回日期：2015—06—08作者简介：严俊峰(1980

7、一)，男，硕士，高级工程师，研究领域为涡轮泵设计30火箭推进2015年10月self-excitedcavitationoscillationiSconsistentwithexperimentalresult，thiscavitationself-excitedmathematicmodeliSsuitabletosimulatethecharacteristicsoftheself-excitedcavitationoscillation．Theoscillation仔equencyincreaseswithdecreaseofthepump

8、speedandthelengthofinletpiping，whiletheoscillationfrequencydecreases