克鲁格曼教材《国际经济学》(国际金融)习题答案要点1

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1、Chapter21.Homehas1200unitsoflaboravailable.Itcanproducetwogoods,applesandbananas.Theunitlaborrequirementinappleproductionis3,whileinbananaproductionitis2.a.Graphouttheproductionpossibilitiesfrontier:b.Whatistheopportunitycostofapplesintermsofbananas?—1.5aLbc.Int

2、heabsenceoftrade,whatwouldthepriceofapplesintermsofbananasbe?Intheabsenceoftrade,sincelaboristheonlyfactorofproductionandsupplydecisionsaredeterminedbytheattemptsofindividualstomaximizetheirearningsinacompetitiveeconomy,onlywhenPa/Pb=aLa/aLbwillbothgoodsbeproduc

3、ed.SoPa/Pb=1.52.Homeisasdescribedinproblem1.Thereisnowalsoanothercountry,Foreign，withalaborforceof800.Foreign9sunitlaborrequirementinappleproductionis5,whileinbananaproductionitis1.a.GraphForeign^productionpossibilitiesfrontier:b・Constructtheworldrelativesupplyc

4、urve.3.06.0a"za/a♦却=55.04.02.01.00.00.250.50.751(Qa+Q*a)/(Qb+Q*b)=0.5Pa/PbheWorldRelativeSupplyCurve1.Nowsupposeworldrelativedemandtakesthefollowingform:Demandforapples/demandforbananas=priceofbananas/priceofapples

5、vesupplycurve:Da/Db=Pb/PaDbQgbPbVWhenthemarketachievesitsequilibrium,wehavel/•RDisahyperbolay=—xa

6、e[1.5,5]xg[0,0.5)RS:*x=0.5xe(0.5,+ooJx—0.5FalFb"a.Describethepatternoftrade.・・・PJP>PCa/P%>Pa!Pb/.Inthistwo-countryworld,Homewillspecializeintheappleproduction,exportapplesandimportbananas.Foreignwillspecializeinthebananaproduction,exportbananasandimportapples.

7、d・ShowthatbothHomeandForeigngainfromtrade.InternationaltradeallowsHomeandForeigntoconsumeanywherewithinthecoloredlines,whichlieoutsidethecountries5productionpossibilityfrontiers・Andtheindirectmethod,specializinginproducingonlyoneproductionthentradewithothercount

8、ry,isamoreefficientmethodthandirectproduction.Intheabsenceoftrade,Homecouldgainthreebananasbyforegoingtwoapples,andForeigncouldgainbyoneforegoingfivebananas・Tradeallo