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1、第二十九篇“Don’tDrinkAlone”GetsNewMeaning(B级)Inwhatmaybebadnewsforbarsandpubs,anEuropeanresearchgrouphasfoundthatpeopledrinkingalcoholoutsideofmealshaveasignificantlyhigherriskofcancerinthemouthandneckthandothosetakingtheirlibationswithfood.LuiginoDalMasoandhiscolleaguesstudiedthedrin
2、kingpatternsof1,500patientsfromfourcancerstudiesandanother3,500adultswhohadneverhadcancer.Aftertheresearchersaccountedfortheamountofalcoholconsumed,theyfoundthatindividualswhodownedasignificantshareoftheiralcoholoutsideofmealsfacedatleasta50to80percentriskofcancerintheoralcavity,
3、pharynx,andesophagus,whencomparedwithpeoplewhodrankonlyatmeals.Consumingalcoholwithoutfoodalsoincreasedbyatleast20percentthelikelihoodoflaryngealcancer.“Roughly95percentofcancersatthesefoursitestracedtoosmokingordrinkingbystudyvolunteers,”DalMasosays.Thediscouragingnewshisteamrep
4、orts,isthatdrinkingwithmealsdidn’teliminatecancerriskatanyofthesites.Fortheirnewanalysis,theEuropeanscientistsdividedpeopleinthestudyintofourgroups,basedonhowmanydrinkstheyreportedhavinginanaverageweek.Thelowest-intakegroupincludedpeoplewhoaveragedupto20drinksaweek.Thehighestgrou
5、preporteddowningatleast56servingsofalcoholweeklyforanaverageofeightormoreperday.Cancerrisksforthemouthandnecksitesrosesteadilywithconsumptionevenforpeoplewhoreporteddrinkingonlywithmeals.Forinstance,comparedwithpeopleinthelowest-consumptiongroup,participantswhodrank21to34alcohols
6、ervingsaweekatleastdoubledtheircancerriskforallsitesotherthanthelarynx.Ifpeopleintheseconsumptiongroupstooksomeofthosedrinksoutsidemeals,thoseinthehigherconsumptiongroupatleastquadrupledtheirriskfororalcavityandesophagealcancers.Peopleinthehighest-consumptiongroupwhodrankonlywith
7、mealshad10timestheriskoforalcancer,7timestheriskofpharyngealcancer,and16timestheriskofesophagealcancercomparedwiththosewhoaveraged20orfewerdrinksaweekwithmeals.Incontrast,laryngealcancerriskthehigh-intake,with-meals-onlygroupwasonlytriplethatinthelow-intakeconsumerswhodrankwithme
8、als.“Alcoholcaninflametissues.Overtime,t
