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1、-u-swdxe一_erw_OffsitefacilityLON?n@oo」dZ・ONe・ONIndustrialPowerPlantsandSteamSystemSteampowerplantscomprisethemajorgeneratingandprocesssteamsourcesthroughouttheworldtoday.Internal-combustionengineandhydroplantsgeneratelesselectricityandsteamthanpowerplants.Forthisreasonwewillgiveourinitialatt
2、entioninthisbooktosteampowerplantsandtheirdesignapplication.Inthesteampowerfieldtwomajortypesofplantssevertheenergyneedsofcustomer-industrialplantsforfactoriesandotherproductionfacilities-andcentral-stationutilityplantsforresidential,commercial,industrialdemands.Ofthesetwotypesofplants,thein
3、dustrialpowerplantprobablyhasmoredesignvariationsthantheutilityplant.Thereasonforthisisthatthedemandsofindustrialtendtobemorevariedthanthedemandsofthetypicalutilitycustome匚Toassistthepower-plantdesignerinunderstandingbettervariationsinplantdesign,industrialpowerplcintsareconsideredfirstinthi
4、sbook・Andtoprovidethewidestdesignvariables,apowerplantservingseveralprocessoperationandallutilityisconsidered.Intheusualindustrialpowerplant,asteamgenerationanddistributionsystemmustbecapableofrespondingtoawiderangeofoperatingconditions,andoftenmustbemorereliablethantheplantselectricalsystem
5、.Thesystemdesignisoftenthelasttobesettledbutthefirstneededforequipmentprocurementcindplantstartup.Becauseofthesecomplicationsthepowerplantdesignevolvesslowly,changingoverthelifeofaproject.ProcesssteamloadsSteamisasourceofpowerandheating,andmaybeinvolvedinprocessreaction.Itsapplicationsinclud
6、eservingasastripping,fluidizing,agitating,atomizing,ejector-motiveanddirect-heatingsteam.Itsquantities,PressureLevelsanddegreesofsuperheataresetbysuchprocessneedsoFlarestackAsreactionsteam,itbecomesapartoftheprocesskinetics,asinH2,ammoniaandcoal-gasificationplants.Althoughsuchplantsmaygenera
7、teallthesteamneeded・steamfromanothersourcemustbeprovidedforstartupandbackup・Thesecondmajorprocessconsumptionofsteamisforindirectheating,suchasindistillation-towerreboilers、amine-systemreboilers,processheaters,pipingtracingandbuildingheating・Because
