2019版高考英语大二轮复习 第二部分 阅读理解 专题十四 科普知识类阅读+完形填空+短文改错优选习题

《2019版高考英语大二轮复习 第二部分 阅读理解 专题十四 科普知识类阅读+完形填空+短文改错优选习题》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、专题十四　科普知识类阅读+完形填空+短文改错Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018吉林长春二模)Sleeprepairsthebodyandthemindandhelpspreventdiseasebystrengtheningtheimmunesystem.However,manyadultsdonotgeteighthoursofsleepeachnight.Theaveragesleeptimeanadulttodaygetsisonly6.4hours.Onlyinrecentyearshavehealthprofessionalsbeguntorealizetheserio

2、usnessofsleepdeprivationintheworkingpopulation.Asignificantnumberofpeopleworkatnight,worklonghours,orsufferfromsleeplessnessorjetlag.Studiesshowthatthebrainisnegativelyaffectedbysleepdeprivationbecausecertainpatternsofelectricalandchemicalactivitythatoccurduringsleepareinterruptedandtheb

3、raincannotfunctionnormally.Inonestudy,thirteenhealthyadultsubjects(实验对象)whousuallyhadnormalsleeppatternswerekeptawakeandcarefullymonitoredinalabduringaperiodof35hours.Duringtheexperiment,thesubjectswereaskedtoperformseveraltasks,suchasmathematicsandwordproblems,whileundergoingscansofthei

4、rbrainactivity.Theresearchersfoundthatthetemporallobe(颞叶)ofthebrain,theregioninvolvedinlanguageprocessing,wasactiveduringspeechtasksinrestedsubjectsbutnotinsubjectswholackedenoughsleep.Afterseveralhourswithoutsleep,therewasnoactivitywithinthisregion.Severalstudiesshowthatgettingfewerthan

5、sixhoursofsleepcandamageshort-termmemoryandreactiontime—thuscausingaseriousriskofaccident.Inonestudyofdrivers,researchersreportedthatsleepdeprivationhadthesameeffectsasbeingdrunk.Theyfoundthatpeoplewhodroveafterbeingawakefor17hoursperformedworsethanthosewithabloodalcohollevelof0.5percent

6、,thelegallimitfordrunkdrivinginmostwesternEuropeancountries.Theresearchersconcludedthatcountrieswithdrunkdrivinglawsshouldconsidersimilarrestrictionsagainstsleep-depriveddriving.【语篇解读】本文介绍缺少睡眠给人带来的影响。研究表明睡眠剥夺对大脑活动有不利的影响,它和醉酒有同样的危险性。1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deprivation”inthefirstparagr

7、aphmean?　　　　　　　　　　　　A.Weakness.B.Loss.C.Disfort.D.Pain.答案B解析词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Onlyinrecentyearshavehealthprofessionalsbeguntorealizetheseriousnessofsleepdeprivationintheworkingpopulation.”的关键词seriousness“严重”,可知是缺觉带来的严重性。画线词的意思是“缺少,损失”,故选B项。2.Thepassagementionsallofthefollowing