会计英语3PPT.ppt

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1、Chapter3AdjustingtheAccounts,PreparingtheStatement,andCompletingtheAccountingCycle调整帐项,编制报表,和完成会计循环LearningObjectivesRelateaccrualaccountingandcashflowsApplytherevenueandmatchingprinciplesUpdatethefinancialstatementsbyadjustingtheaccountsPreparethefinancialstatementsCloseth

2、ebooksUsethecurrentratioandthedebtratiotoevaluateabusinessAccrualvsCashAccounting.AccrualAccounting权责发生制.ImpactofbusinesstransactionsarerecordedwhenthetransactionoccursRevenuesarerecognizedwhenearned.Expensesarerecognizedwhenincurred.CashAccounting收付实现制.Transactionsarerecorde

3、dwhencashisreceivedorpaid.Revenuesarerecordedwhencashisreceived.Expensesarerecordedwhencashispaid.AccrualvsCashAccountingGenerallyacceptedaccountingprinciples(GAAP)requirethatbusinessuseaccrualaccounting.公认会计原则要求使用权责发生制.Example3-1:Thecomparisonbetweenaccrulbasisandcashbasisac

4、counting.(p48-49)AccrualvsCashAccounting.p108.Underaccrualaccounting,cashtransactionsarerecordedaswellasnoncashtransactionssuchas:PurchasesofinventoryonaccountSalesonaccountDepreciationexpenseAccrualofexpensesincurredbutnotyetpaidUsageofprepaidrent,insurance,andsuppliesTime-P

5、eriodConcept.会计期间Thetime-periodconceptensuresthataccountinginformationisreportedatregularintervals.Basicaccountingperiodis1yearAfiscalyearendsonadateotherthanDecember31.Interimfinancialstatementsareusuallypreparedforperiodssuchasamonth,aquarter,orsemiannualperiod.Time-PeriodC

6、onceptAfiscalyearendsonadateotherthanDecember31.Mostretailers,includingWal-MartandJCPenney,useafiscalyearthatendsonJanuary31becausethelowpointintheirbusinessactivityfallsafterChristmas.RevenuePrinciple.收入原则.P47-48:Needforadjustmentsattheendofanaccountingperiod.1.Whenshouldrev

7、enueberecorded?何时应记录收入?2.Whatamountofrevenueshouldberecorded?记录多少收入?RevenueRecognition.收入实现.Revenueshouldberecordedwhenithasbeenearned.已赚得的收入应予记录.Theamountofrevenuerecordedisthecashvalueofthegoodstransferredtothecustomer.记录收入的金额,为记入顾客方商品的金额.MatchingPrinciple.配比原则.Expensesarec

8、ostsofassetsusedupandofliabilitiescreatedinearningrevenue.Matchingin