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1、合瓣花亚纲柿树科Ebenaceae6属,450种,主要分布于热带和亚热带地区,我国2属41种.Thespeciesaremostlyevergreenandnativetothetropicsandsubtropics,withafewdeciduousspeciesnativetotemperateregions.柿树科Ebenaceae柿属DiospyrosDiospyrosgenusspeciesaretreesandshrubs,eitherdeciduousorevergreen.Theleaves,whic
2、hlackteeth,areusuallybornealternatelyonoppositesidesofthetwig.Thefruitisalargejuicyberrywith1to10seeds.Somemembersofthegenusarevaluablefortheirtimber,particularlyseveralspeciesofebony黑檀木.落叶或常绿乔木或灌木,无顶芽叶互生花单性罕杂性,花为4-5基数,萼常4裂,绿色,花冠形成钟,白色浆果肉质,基部有肿大的宿萼.200种,分布热带至暖温带
3、,我国40种柿树Diospyroskaki落叶乔木,树冠为自然半圆形,无顶芽,树皮暗灰色,裂成长方形小块片固着树上.叶椭圆形,阔椭圆形,表面暗绿色,有光泽,雌雄异株,或杂性同株.花四基数,黄白色,浆果卵圆形或扁球形,橙黄色或鲜黄色,花萼宿存.花期5-6月,果熟9-10月。原产我国,分布很广,长江流域,喜湿又耐旱.阳性树,喜光,根系为深根系,也很耐寒,亚热带果树中最耐寒树木.柿树寿命长,300年的老树仍可结果.对有毒气体能吸收.栽培历史有3000年之多。树形优美,叶大荫浓,广展如伞,夏日一片浓绿.秋叶变红,红橙色大果悬于
4、绿荫丛中,饶有风趣.11月叶落,红果还挂在枝头,极为美观.还可园林结合生产观叶,观花,还可结合生产。君迁子(黑枣软枣红蓝枣)Diospyroslotus落叶乔木,树皮灰色,花淡橙色或绿白色.果球形或圆卵形,径1.2-1.8cm,成熟蓝黑色.外披白粉,萼宿存,花期4-5月,果熟9-10月,性强健,喜光,耐半荫,耐寒及耐旱性比柿树强,很耐湿,寿命长,常做柿树嫁接砧木.雄雌木犀科oleaceaeThisfamilyspeciesareshrubs,treesandoccasionallyvines.LeavesThefami
5、lyischaracterisedbyoppositeleavesthatmaybesimpleorcompound(eitherpinnateorternate三出的),withoutstipuleTheleavesmaybeeitherdeciduousorevergreen,withevergreenspeciespredominatinginwarmtemperateandtropicalregions,anddeciduousspeciespredominatingincolderregions.Flower
6、Theflowersaremostoftenbisexualandactinomorphic(辐射对称的）,occurringinpanicles,racemesorpanicles,andoftenfragrant.Thecalyxwhichmayormaynotbepresent,andthecorollaaresynsepalousandfour-lobed.Theandroecium雄蕊has2stamensinsertedintheperigynous周围的zoneandalternatewiththelob
7、es.Thestigmasaretwo-lobed.Thegynoecium雌蕊consistsofacompoundpistilwithtwocarpels.Theovaryissuperiorwithtwolocules小室,eachofwhichbearingtwoAxillary叶腋ovules.FruitOleaceaefruitcanbeberries,drupes,capsulesorsamaras.木犀科oleaceae灌木和乔木；叶对生花两性，花萼4，花瓣全为4-6-（9）裂，雄蕊两枚，果为核果、蒴果
8、、浆果或翅果。本科不少种类为观赏树种，约29属600余种。中国12属200种左右。雪柳属Fontanesia共两种，中国1种雪柳F.fortunei（一）形态特征：落叶灌木，树皮灰黄色，小枝细长，四棱形，叶披针形或卵状披针形，长3-12cm，端渐尖，叶柄短。花绿白色，翅果扁平，倒卵形，花期5-6月。雪柳属Fontanesia共两种
