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1、Student’sbook2GrammarTheAttributiveClause定语从句TheAttributiveClauseThemanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。上面两句中的man和everything是被定语从句修饰的词，叫先行词，其后的粗体字部分为定语从句，其中who和that叫做关系代词。一．关系代词引导的定语从句1.关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的
2、名词或代词句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句代替人代替物代替人或物主语Whowhichthat宾语Whomwhichthat定语Whose(=of whom)whose(=of whichThis is the detectivewhocame from London.The bookwhichI am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.The deskwhoseleg is broken is very old.This is the roomt
3、hatShakespeare was born in２．关系代词的用法(1)如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如：All the people that are present burst into tears.(2)如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, v
4、ery等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。(3)非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如：There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated.(4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可
5、以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this相似，并可以指人。例如：He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.(5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。(6) which可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征．品性或才能的人。Which引导的定语从句可以限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。(7)如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体
6、的整体，关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who。(8)先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that。例如：The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.(9)如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用who或whom，不用which。例如：Is there anyone here who will g
7、o with you?３．“介词＋关系代词“是一个普遍使用的结构(1) “介词＋关系代词“可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。“介词＋关系代词“结构中的介词可以是in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without等，关系代词只可用whom或which,不可用that。(2)from where为“介词＋关系副词“结构，但也可以引导定语从句。例如：We stood at the top of the hill, from where
8、we can see the town..(3)像listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of.二．关系副词引导的定语从句1．关系副词也可以引导定语从句关系副词在从句中分别表示时间．地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语，where充当地点状语，why充
