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《不定式的用法.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,由“to+动词原形”构成，没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。但不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等。Grammar:theInfinitive1.Itisgoodtohelpothers.2.Itismyambitiontomakesurethatthedisabledpeopleinourneighborhoodhaveaccesstoallpublicbuildings.3.MyambitionistoworkinthecomputerindustrywhenIgrowup.辨别下面不定式
2、在句子中充当的成分:subjectsubjectPredicative(表语)4.Idon’thavetimetositaroundfeelingsorryformyself.5.Iamtheonlystudentinmyclasstohaveapetsnake.6.Abigcompanyhasdecidedtobuyitfromme.7.MyfellowstudentshavebeguntoacceptmeforwhoIam.attributeattributeobjectobject8.Ihavehadtoworkhardtoliveanormallife.9.SomedaysI
3、amtootiredtogetoutofbed.10.Wemustcallonlocalgovernmenttogivefinancialassistancetodisabledpeople.Adverbial(状语)adverbialobjectcomplement一.不定式在句中的功能1.作主语:那样做是很幼稚的.Toactlikethatischildish.为避免句子出现“头重脚轻”现象，常用it做形式主语，将真正主语的不定式后置。要学好英语不是那么容易的。e.g.ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwell.2.作宾语她喜欢谈论这件事情。e.g.Shelove
4、stotalkaboutthematter.他希望不久能找到工作。Hehopestofindajobsoon.他答应不把这事告诉任何人。Hepromisednottotellanyoneaboutit.常接不定式做宾语的动词有：afford,agree,aim,arrange,ask,attempt,begin,bother,care,choose,continue,dare,decide,demand,expect,fail,hate,hope,learn,long,manage,mean,need,offer,plan,prefer,prepare,promise,prove,r
5、efuse,want,wish等.你记得哪一条路到那儿吗？Doyourememberwhichwaytogetthere?下一步干什么你决定了吗?Haveyoudecidedwhattodonext?我来问他怎么样开这机器。I’llaskhimhowtooperatethemachine.1)不定式有时和连接代词/副词构成宾语。2)有时不定式由whether引起。Ididn’tknowwhethertolaughorcryaboutit.3)feel,find,judge,make,think,believe,consider等动词后如果是不定式做宾语，补语是形容词(间或是名词)，常
6、用it作形式宾语，把不定式后移。Ifinditdifficulttoworkwithhim.Sheaskedmetostaythere.PleaseallowmetointroduceMr.Whitetoyou.Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet.Mybrotheraskedmetocleantheroomwithhim.3.作宾语补足语:动词+宾语+带to的不定式常带to的不定式做宾语补足语的动词有:ask,beg,prefer,help,promise,wish,want,expect,permit,request,allow,comman
7、d,tell,invite,cause,encourage,warn,advise,persuade,force,order,remind,teach,等.在主动结构中,下列动词后作宾补的动词不定式应省略to:“五看”(see,watch,notice,observe,lookat)“三使”(make,let,have)“两听”(hear,listento)“一感觉”(feel)。e.g.Whomadehimworkallnightlong?Thepoli
