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1、英语语法精要何梅英语语法概览1Whatisgrammar?语法是语言现象的总结=>你也可以归纳语法规则！语法就是关于字词如何组合起来表达复杂意义的规则。Ismilethegirl./Ihugthegirl.IammoreinterestinginEnglishgrammar.Youmaybeinterested,butyouarenotinteresting!Ladygosupermarketmeetfriend.Maryrunsfasterthanme.Thebook,anoldman,awoman.Inthebook,thereareanoldman
2、andawoman.英语语法概览2Contentsofgrammar词类：实词contentwords（名词，行为动词，形容词,副词）虚词formwords（冠词，介词，连词，代词，助动词）其中，动词是体现语法规则的核心词类，它可以体现时态，数，体，句式等。Ilook,youlook,helooks,welook.Ilooked,youwerelooking,hewaslookingTheyhavelooked,Wehadlooked英语语法概览英语的基本句子结构：主语+谓语+宾语，即使再套上从句，也是同样的顺序。Iboughtasweater.Ther
3、osesweresoldtoayoungman.Ithought(that)youhadsentmethebook.但是，也要记住：任何规则都有例外，倒装句就是一个例外，其基本结构方式为：谓语+主语+宾语OnlyyesterdaydidIbuyasweater.Seldomaretherosessoldoutsofast.Nosoonerhadweenteredtheclassroomthantherainpoureddown.英语语法概览英语语法核心：冠词（a,an,the）时态与体（过去，现在，将来；进行，完成）情态动词（can,may,must,w
4、ill,shall,would,should,might,oughtto）条件从句(真实条件，预测条件，假设条件，与事实相反的条件)介词及附加词（in,on,at,into,outof,through;动词短语off,away,down,back/up）间接宾语（Igiveyouabook）不定式及动名词（todo…/doing）关系从句（限定性/非限定性）直接引语与间接引语冠词Articles冠词：a,an,theExamples:Ifthere’sastorm,you’llneedanumbrella.You’llprobablyneedøboots
5、aswell.Theøbootswillprobablybemoreusefulthantheumbrella.øSantaClausstaysinøGreenlanduntiløChristmas.øOilandøwaterdon’tmix,butømilkandøsugardo.øMoneycan’tbuyøhappinessorøhealth.(ø表示零冠词)冠词Articles名词普通名词专有名词特定非特定可数及不可数可数不可数单数及复数单数复数辅音及元音以辅音开头以元音开头Theaanøøø冠词Articles可数VS不可数Shefedtheb
6、abyateaspoonofapple.Thereareseveralnewbuttersbeingproducedwithoutmilk.CanIhavetwosugars,please?Physicsisfunandsoislinguistics.Thenewsisthatmeasles麻疹isn’tfunatall.Thepresswerepredictingproblems.Thepublicwereignoringthem.Theaudiencewascheeringandclappingtheirhands.Herfamilyhasdecid
7、edthattheycan’taffordabigwedding.冠词ArticlesA/an表示分类IthinkthatpaintingisaPicasso.Doyoulikemynewwatch?It’saCalvinKlein.The表示特指的信息，及共知的信息ThePope,thePresident,andtheQueenwereallthere.I’dliketofindthepersonwhomadethismess.Atthestart,IthoughtIwasthefirstpersoninherthoughts.Theglassonth
8、etableinthecornermustbeyours.不用冠词Whowoul
