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1、121页TOEFL95-05阅读真题1995.0841995.10141995.12251996.01361996.05471996.08581996.10681996.12801997.01921997.051031997.081151997.101271997.121391998.011501998.051601998.081701998.101811999.011911999.052041999.082151999.102262000.012382000.052502000.082612000.102732001.012
2、832001.052942001.083052001.103172002.013282002.053392002.083502002.093602002.103712003.013832003.083952003.104072004.014182004.054292004.084392004.104502005.014612005.054722005.084821995.08Question1-9InvestigationoftheDeep-OceanKeywords:ocean,researchers,techniques,
3、samples,rocksTheoceanbottom–aregionnearly2.5timesgreaterthanthetotallandareaoftheEarth–isavastfrontierthateventodayislargelyunexploredanduncharted.Untilaboutacenturyago,thedeep–oceanfloorwascompletelyinaccessible,hiddenbeneathwatersaveragingover3,6000metersdeep.Tota
4、llywithoutlightandsubjectedtointensepressureshundredsoftimesgreaterthanattheEarth'ssurface,thedeep–oceanbottomisahostileenvironmenttohumans,insomewaysasforbiddingandremoteasthevoidofouterspace.Althoughresearchershavetakensamplesofdeep–oceanrocksandsedimentsforoverac
5、entury,thefirstdetailedglobalinvestigationoftheoceanbottomdidnotactuallystartuntil1968,withthebeginningoftheNationalScienceFoundation'sDeepSeaDrillingProject(DSDP).Usingtechniquesfirstdevelopedfortheoffshoreoilandgasindustry,theDSDP'sdrillship,theGlomarChallenger,wa
6、sabletomaintainasteadypositionontheocean'ssurfaceanddrillinverydeepwaters,extractingsamplesofsedimentsandrockfromtheoceanfloor.TheGlomarChallengercompleted96voyagesina15–yearresearchprogramthatendedinNovember1983.Duringthistime,thevessellogged600,000kilometersandtoo
7、kalmost20,000coresamplesofseabedsedimentsandrocksat624drillingsitesaroundtheworld.TheGlomarChallenger'scoresampleshaveallowedgeologiststoreconstructwhattheplanetlookedlikehundredsofmillionsofyearsagoandtocalculatewhatitwillprobablylooklikemillionsofyearsinthefuture.
8、Today,largelyonthestrengthofevidencegatheredduringtheGlomarChallenger'svoyages,nearlyallearthscientistsagreeonthetheoriesofplatetectonicsa
