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1、ZhengHeandHisVoyages(1405-1433)WhyZhengHe?ZhengheAsageneralobserver:ResurgentinterestinZhengHe,hisvoyages,andmaritimetradeChina’sefforttorebuilditssphereofinfluenceinSEAsia,MiddleEast,andAfricaChina’sredefinitionofitsforeignpolicyintermsofpeaceAsanAsianscholar:ThemagnitudeoftheimpactofChin
2、a’stributarysystemChina’sGreatestExplorerThe15thcenturyadmiral,ZhengHeMenziesViewsZhengHe’svoyagesofexplorationbeganin1405andculminatedinearly1421AsYongleemperor’sfavoriteeunuch,ZhengHewasorderedtotakeMing’shugearmadastotheunknownworldbeyondChinaOnthesixthvoyage(1421-22),ZhengHe’sshipsreac
3、hedAntarctica,theArctic,NorthandSouthAmerica,Pacific,AustraliaYongleemperorZhuDi(r.1042-1424)Facts:1st-6thvoyagestookplaceduringYongleemperor’sreign:Time:1st:1045-072nd:1047-093rd:1049-114th:1413-155th:1417-196th:1421-22Yongleemperor’sdeathin1424,theMingputahalttotheexpeditionandZhengHewas
4、pensionedoffXuandeemperor(r.1425-1435)7th:1431-33,voyageresumedduringXuandeemperor’sreignWithXuande’sdeath,MingrulershipturnedintocompletexenophobiaAllvoyagesoftreasurefleetswerehaltedOverseastradeandtravelwerebannedViolatorsweretriedaspiratesandexecutedChina'sgreatestadventurersFacts:1stv
5、oyage:27,800men2ndvoyage:27,000men4thvoyage:27,670men7thvoyage:27,550menThefleetofeachvoyageconsistedofseveraldozen“treasureships”(baochuan),eachattendedbyhalfofadozensmallershipsChinesemapsshowingtheroutesofZhengHe’svoyagesstartingfromLongJiangguanFromFuzhoutoChambaMingQinghuaporcelainfou
6、ndinaMuslimtombcolumninKenyaQinghuaporcelainproducedintheXuandePeriod,thebestofMingporcelainQinghuaporcelain,XuandeperiodtributesgiftsGiraffespresentedtoYongleemperoroftheMingin1416(or1414)bytheKingofMalindi(inthepresentdayKenya).TheChineseregardeditas“Qilin”,asacredandauspiciousanimalknow
7、nasChineseunicorn.thanks！
