程序设计培训讲义1：程序结构.ppt

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1、程序设计培训之一程序结构一、选择结构程序设计例题：已知x,根据下式计算y1(x>0)y=0(x=0)-1(x<0)下面分别使用if语句的三种格式、switch语句和与条件运算符来编写：1、省略了else子句的if语句#includevoidmain(){intx,y;scanf("%d",&x);y=1;if(x==0)y=0;if(x<0)y=-1;printf("x=%d,y=%d",x,y);}2、带else子句的if语句#includevoidmain(){intx,y;scanf("%d",&x);y=1

2、;if(x==0)y=0;elsey=x/abs(x);printf("x=%d,y=%d",x,y);}3、if语句的嵌套#includevoidmain(){intx,y;scanf("%d",&x);y=1;if(x==0)y=0;elseif(x<0)y=-1;printf("x=%d,y=%d",x,y);}#includevoidmain(){intx,y;scanf("%d",&x);y=1;if(x<=0)if(x==0)y=0;elsey=-1;printf("x=%d,y=

3、%d",x,y);}4、使用switch语句#includevoidmain(){intx,y;scanf("%d",&x);switch(x){case0:y=0;break;default:y=x/abs(x);}printf("x=%d,y=%d",x,y);}5、使用条件运算符#includevoidmain(){intx,y;scanf("%d",&x);y=(x>0)?1:(x==0)?0:-1;printf("x=%d,y=%d",x,y);}二、循环结构程序设计例题：已知二个整数

4、x和y,计算它们的最大公约数m与最小公倍数n（例如：x=16、y=24,则m=8、n=48）下面分别使用while语句、do…while语句、for语句和多重循环来编写：1、while语句#includevoidmain(){intx,y,m,n;scanf("%d,%d",&x,&y);m=x

5、

6、y%m!=0)m--;n=x*y/m;/*最小公倍数*/printf("m=%d,n=%d",m,n);}2、do……while语句#includevoidmain(){intx,y,m

7、,n;scanf("%d,%d",&x,&y);m=x

8、

9、y%m!=0);n=x*y/m;printf("m=%d,n=%d",m,n);}3、break语句#includevoidmain(){intx,y,m,n;scanf("%d,%d",&x,&y);m=x=1;m--)if(x%m==0&&y%m==0)break;n=x*y/m;printf("m=%d,n=%d",m,n);}4、循环嵌套#includevoidma

10、in(){intx,y,m,n,a,b;scanf("%d,%d",&x,&y);a=x;b=y;while(a!=b){while(a>b)a-=b;while(avoidmain(){intx,s=0;x=0;while(x<=100){s=s+x;if(x==10)break;x++;}printf("s=",s);}/*程序2*/#include

11、.h>voidmain(){inti,j;for(i=1;i<=5;i++){for(j=7;j<=9;j++){if(i==3)break;printf("i=%d,j=%d",i,j);}printf("");}}/*程序3*/#includevoidmain(){inti,j;for(i=1;i<=5;i++){for(j=7;j<=9;j++){if(i==3)gotoabc;printf("i=%d,j=%d",i,j);}printf("");}abc:;}/*程序4*/#includevo

12、idmain(){inti,j;for(i=1;i<=5;i++){for(j=