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1、【MODULE4】WhichEnglish?【READINGANDVOCABULAYR】WhichEnglish?Whenyoureceiveaphonecallfromafriend,howlongdoesittakeyoutoknowwhoitis?Afewseconds,perhaps.Thequalityofsomeone`svoiceandtheirchoiceofwordsmakeapersoninstantlyrecognizable,eventhoughyoucan`tseehimorher.In
2、thissenseeverybody`suseoflanguage——whetherEnglish,Chinese,oranyother——isdifferent.YoucouldsaythatthereareasmanyvarietiesofEnglish,oranyotherlanguageforthatmatter,astherearespeakersofit.Englishisspokenasanofficiallanguageinmorethan60countriesacrosstheworldandi
3、tcansoundverydifferentfromplacetoplace.Pronunciation,aswellasgrammarandvocabulary,canchangeveryquicklyfromoneareatoanother.Forexample,withinLondonthemostfamousdialectiscockney.ItisonlyusuallyspokenbypeoplefromtheeastofthatcitysoitisnottheonlyformofEnglishyouw
4、illhear.YoucanusuallytellwhichpartoftheEnglish-speakingworldsomeonecomesfrombytheiraccent,andtherearesomeveryrecognisableaccentsalloverBritain.ItisalsoquiteeasytotellBritishandAmericanEnglishapart.AlthoughmostpeoplebelievethereisarightandawrongwaytospeakEngli
5、sh,thereisnotreallyastandardformthateveryonecanagreeon.Englishspreadacrosstheworldoverhundredsofyearsbecauseoftrade,explorationandbusiness,andthisprocessproducedmanydifferentEnglishes.Professorsoflinguistics,writersandteachersallworryaboutprovidingaperfectmod
6、eltofollowbutasitissowidelyspoken,ithasbecomeimpossibletosaywhichEnglishis“correct”andwhichis“incorrect”.Perhapscorrectnessdoesn`tmatter——aslongasspeakerscanunderstandeachother——it`scommunicationthatcounts.[Australia]G`day!D`yaspeakStrine?Orrather,Hello!Doyou
7、speakAustralian?Australiaisoneoftheyoungestnationsintheworld.ThefirstEnglishspeakersarrivedlittlemorethan200yearsago——andtheydidn`twantto.Mostofthemwereprisonerssenttheretowork.TheycamefromalloverBritain,butespeciallyfromNorthernIrelandandtheLondonarea,whichi
8、swhytheAustralianaccenttodayhastracesofbothIrishandcockneyspeechpatterns.TheEnglishspeakersfoundapeoplewhohadbeenlivinginAustraliaformorethan50,000years——theAborigines,andanextraordinaryv
