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1、独立主格结构1．名词/代名词+现在分词：表主动Weatherpermitting,weshallgooutforapicnic.2．名词/代名词+过去分词：表被动Thingsdone,theywenthomehappily.3．名词/代名词+动词不定式：表将来Idecidedtobuyacar,mywifetopayhalfthemoney.4．名词/代名词+名词Therewere100participantsinthecompetition,theoldestamanof90.5．名词/代名词+形容词：表主动进行Theoldmansatinthesofa,hisf
2、acepalewithanger.6．名词/代名词+副词Summerholidaysover,thestudentsallreturnedtotheschool.7．名词/代名词+介词短语Theteacherstoodatthedoor,bookinhand.8。Therebeing其他成分Therebeingnocauseforalarm,shewentbacktoherroom.独立主格结构的功能：1．表时间，=when/after引导的时间状语从句Themoonhavingrisen,theytookawalkinthefields.2．表示原因,相当beca
3、use引导的状语从句Somanystudentsabsentfromtheclass,wedecidedtoputofftheactivity.=Becausesomanystudentswereabsentfromtheclass.3．表示条件，相当if引导的条件状语从句Allthingsconsidered,herpaperisofgreatervaluethanyours.=Ifallthingsareconsidered.4．表示伴随状态，或说明一情况，可以用with改写Shesatquietlyatthetable,hereyesfulloftears.=
4、withhereyesfulloftears.5．表示方式，可用并列句改写Helayonthesoftgrass,hishandscrossedunderhishead.1.______nobus,wehadtowalkhome. A.Therewas B.Therebeing C.BecausetherebeingD.Therewere2.____,I'llgotherewithyoutomorrowafternoon. A.Timepermits B.Iftimepermitting C.Timepermitting D.Time'spermitt
5、ing3._____,weallwenthomehappily. A.GoodbyewassaidB.GoodbyehadbeensaidC.GoodbyesaidD.Whengoodbyesaid 4._____,weallwentswimminginhighspirits. A.Itbeingfineweather B.Itfineweather C.Itwasfineweather D.Itbeingafineweather 5.____,thebusstartedatonce. A.Thesignalwasgiven B.Thesi
6、gnalgiving C.Thesignalgiven D.Whenthesignalgiven 6.Shestoodthere,_____fromhercheeks. A.tears'rollingdown B.tearsrolleddown C.withtearsrolleddown D.tearsrollingdown7.____,theleavesareturninggreen. A.Whenspringcomingon B.Springcomingon C.Springcameon D.Springbeingcomeo
7、n8._____,Ihadtobuyanewone. A.Mydictionarylosing B.MydictionaryhavingbeenlostC.Mydictionaryhadbeenlost D.Becausemydictionarylost9.Iusedtosleepwiththewindow_____. A.opened B.open C.opening Dtoopen10.____,thehunterwentintotheforest. A.Agunonshoulder B.Agunwasonhisshoulder
