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1、SectionⅢ—Grammar一二一、阅读下列句子,判断句中动词-ing形式所作的成分1.Missingthebusmeanswaitingforanothertwohours.2.Myjobisteaching.3.Itisnousequarrelingwithhim.4.Wehavetopreventtheairfrombeingpolluted.5.Doyouknowthegirlstandingunderthetreenow?6.Canyouhearhersingingthesonginthenextdoor?7.Hestayedathome,cleaningandwashi
2、ng.8.Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.主语;宾语表语(真正)主语(介词)宾语(后置)定语宾语补足语(伴随)状语宾语补足语一二二、根据所学知识,用动词的正确形式填空1.(judge)fromhisaccent,hemaybefromAfrica.2.Youshouldbecarefulwhile(cross)thestreet.3.Your(drink)toomuchwilldoharmtoyourhealth.4.Hehasdevotedhimselfto(help)thepoor.5.Hekeptthecar(wait)atthegate.6.
3、Hecan’twalkwithouta(walk)stick.7.Theyhaven’tfinished(build)thedam.8.Intheantcity,thequeen’sjobis(lay)eggs.9.Lastnight,thereweremillionsofpeople(watch)thegame.10.Todaytherearemoreairplanes(carry)morepeoplethaneverbeforeinthesky.Judgingcrossingdrinkinghelpingwaitingwalkingbuildinglayingwatchingcar
4、rying动词-ing形式作状语动词-ing形式作状语时表示的动作是主语动作的一部分,与谓语表示的动作或状态同时或几乎同时发生,或是先于谓语动词动作发生,它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。一、动词-ing形式作状语所表示的意义二、动词-ing形式作状语的句法功能动词-ing形式作状语时表示时间、原因、让步、结果、条件、方式、伴随,多用逗号同句子的其他成分隔开。1.作时间状语。强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生时,动词-ing形式之前可用连词while或when等。①Hearingthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.=Whentheyheardthebadnews,
5、theycouldn’thelpcrying.翻译听到这个坏消息时,他们情不自禁地哭了起来。②Whileplayingthepiano,shegotveryexcited.=Whileshewasplayingthepiano,shegotveryexcited.翻译弹钢琴时(过程中),她变得十分激动。③Havingfinishedtheirhomework,theyallwentouttoplay.=Aftertheyhadfinishedtheirhomework,theyallwentouttoplay.翻译完成作业后,他们都出去玩了。2.作原因状语。相当于原因状语从句。Notr
6、ecognizingthevoice,herefusedtogivethepersonhisaddress.=Ashedidn’trecognisethevoice,herefusedtogivethepersonhisaddress.翻译因为没听出那个人是谁,他拒绝把自己的地址给他。3.作让步状语。相当于一个让步状语从句。有时动词-ing形式前可带有连词although,evenif,eventhough等。Althoughworkinghardfrommorningtillnight,hedidn’tgetenoughfood.=Althoughheworkedhardfrommo
7、rningtillnight,hedidn’tgetenoughfood.翻译虽然他从早到晚拼命干,但挣的还是不够吃。4.作结果状语。通常放在句末,用逗号与前面的部分隔开;有时为了突出结果,其前可带thus。Shewassoangrythatshethrewtheplatesonthefloor,breakingthemintopieces(=andbrokethemintopieces).翻译她是如此生气,以至于把盘子扔在地上,摔得粉碎。5.
